Biology question and answers for July 31, 2023
- Q 6. What is the basic difference between general transcriptionfactors and specific transcription factors?7. How is DNA opened up along a prokaryotic promoter. How doesthis occur along a eukaryotic promoter?8. Describe...
- Q 11. What are the functions of the 5’ cap? How is it added on theRNA?12.Explain how a poly-A tail is produced; (CPSF and CstF, PolyAPolymerase, Poly A Binding Protein (PABP)).13.What...
- Q what kind of concentration effects can be seen in theself assembly of amino acids?
- Q During elongation of translation, each new amino acid is addedto the growing chain by this chemical bond. (multiple choice)a. hydrogenb. peptidec. phosphodiesterd. covalente. ionic
- Q After death, metabolism shuts down and ATP runs out. As aresult, calcium pumps at the sarcoplasmic reticulum stop, soCa+2 ions diffuse out into the sarcoplasm.  Produce a diagram describing the contraction...
- Q We are fighting what seems to be a losing battle againstantibiotic-resistant Gram negative bacteria, such as“beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaeceae†(BLPE). BLPE seemedto arise all of a sudden in response to the common...
- Q There is an enzyme “amylase†used in Bioethanolproduction at large scale. The enzyme has excellent Kcat and Kmvalues but there is issue of thermostability. The enzyme cannotwork beyond 50oC temperature...
- Q Describe what is epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT). Isthe process of EMT essential for metastatic spread? Please giveevidences that support your answer.
- Q There are basically three different types of pathogen invasion“strategies†– extracellular, intracellular in non-phagocytes likeepithelial cells, and intracellular in circulating phagocytes likeMacrophages. That is, some bacteria try to remain outside...
- Q Why caspases 2 is crucial for the intrinsic pathway ofapoptosis?
- Q A 38-year-old lady has been immobilized in bed for severaldays after motor vehicle accident. She has been improving, but thismorning she complains of sudden onset of chest pain and Dyspnea.She...
- Q Scenario 2.Normally viruses infect a host cell, replicate themselves inside itand burst the host cell so that they can go on infecting othercells. In this viral infection, the virus has...
- Q 2. Match the following descriptions with the intertidal zonethat exhibits the characteristic: A, B, or C: Highest risk ofdesiccation, highest species diversity, and shallowest area wherered, green and brown algae...
- Q From time to time, the CDC committee that makes recommendationsabout vaccines (ACIP) decides to “change their minds†about the useof a particular vaccine, even though we might have been using...
- Q How did those first eukaryotic cells get here? What are your ideasconcerning the evolution of the first eukaryotic cells?Do not concern yourself with how life first formed, rather justconcern yourself...
- Q Apply the social ecology model to the health issues of obesity.Describe factors associated with obesity at the individual,interpersonal institutional/organizational, community and social/policy level. which of the factors you identify do...
- Q 5. If the external ion concentration is high, cellsshrink. This happens due to____. (Explain your answer.)a. diffusionb. denaturationc. osmosisd. facilitated diffusion6. The process by which ATP provides energy requiredfor muscle...
- Q For each of the following, identify the antibody or antibodies(if more than one) that meet each of the following criteria.Briefly (about one sentence or less) answer the follow-upquestion.a)________ Only antibody...
- Q 1. What are the two manners by which prokaryotic transcriptionstops? How do these two manners differ? How do these differ fromeukaryotic transcriptional termination?2. What is the general process of genome...
- Q Why is it viral diseases are more difficult to treat compared tobacterial diseases
- Q With two examples explain how you would motivate the generalpopulation to improve on their nutrition and hence health.
- Q Why would some tissue cultures require different formulations ofnutrients to what other would? ( i.e why would there be a higherneed to be % of a particular nutrient in the...
- Q Write an introductory paragraph about enzymes, identifying what they are,how they function, and why they are important. Discuss the optimal conditions for enzymes. Why is enzyme structureimportant and how is...
- Q Compare and contrast the energy consumption and pro/con of C3carbon fixation (via Calvin cycle) vs C4 carbon fixation (via C4pathway+Calvin cycle)
- Q Compare how the inflammatory response is initiated by each ofthe following.A. A Type IV hypersensitivity reactionB. EndotoxinC. A superantigen toxinD. A Type III hypersensitivity response
- Q What type of research is multiple sclerosis and what type oflaboratory would you do it in (e.g. cancer research lab or stemcell research lab or plant cell biology lab or...
- Q Explain in detail what is the process of bacterial growth withthe aid of the growth curve?
- Q Make a discussion of 1-2 paragraphs about atherosclerosis. Makesure to you answer the follow questions in your discussion:What is atherosclerosis and its etiology?In atherosclerosis, blood levels of which bad protein...
- Q A biochemist replaces the DNAâ€binding domain of theyeast Gal4 protein with the DNAâ€binding domain of the Lac repressorand finds that the engineered protein no longer regulatestranscription of the GAL genes...
- Q In a pine’s life cycle, hybrid “1†pine tree the needles werefound to have thealleles Ll (heterozygous) producing long needles. In a hybrid “2â€pine tree, theneedles were found to have...
- Q We spent a lot of time comparing B cell and T cell surfacemolecules and activation – how they’re similar and different. Foreach of the following, compare similarities and differences. Makesketches...
- Q Define the hormones involved and the events that take place duringthe human female menstrual cycle
- Q A mutation in the ras cellular oncogene can cause cancer when itis in the heterozygous condition, but a mutation in the RB tumorsuppressor gene can cause cancer only when it...
- Q . You have extracted extrachromosomal DNA and genomicDNA from E. coli in the lab. What is the differentiating stepsduring the DNA isolation so that your target DNA is notcontaminated with...
- Q FLC is the key repressor of flowering in the process ofvernalization. Methylation of Lysine 9 of histone H3 (H3K9me) is achromatin modification associated with heterochromatin. Methylationof Lysine 4 of histone...
- Q 6. We have 3 types of epithelial cells that are discussed inthe chapter. Draw a squamous, cuboidal, and columnar epithelialcell arranged in a simple pattern as opposed to stratified. Then,explain...
- Q Suppose an extra base pair is inserted into the coding sequenceof a particular gene during replication. Describe how this mayaffect the translation of the polypeptide chain encoded by thegene.
- Q Lately Jennifer is hungry all the time. She read on a Web sitelast night that if she limits her total fat intake to no more than10% of her total calories,...
- Q How systems biology approaches can be utilized to engineermicrobial production strains for biofuels and chemicals?How can scientists utilize systems biology approaches to figureout how commensal and pathogenic microbiota modulate the...
- Q Read this:Cape Cod National Seashore officials have completed a draftshorebird management plan that proposes killing predators(primarily crows and coyotes) of the piping plover (a smallendangered shorebird) so that they can...
- Q Name one piece of information that you once thought was true, butnow know is false. Explain in detail how you determined that thisparticular piece of information was false. Explain how...
- Q Cystic Fibrosis (CF) is a progressive genetic disease thataffects the lungs and digestive system as well as many other organsystems. It causes thick, sticky mucus to build up in the...
- Q Please answer the below questions ( I need answers forall the below questions). Thank youTrue or FalseWrite true if the statement is true or false if thestatement is false._______ The...
- Q Medical testing: enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) test for presence of antigen or antibodyEXPERIMENTAL PROTOCOLIn this laboratory, you will test seven different patients usinga direct ELISA. We have access to serum...
- Q 4. Compare and contrast the 3 types of muscle tissues.5. Describe why it would be important to have a tight junctionin the cells of the capillaries surrounding the brain and...
- Q Human FAV gene's coding region is 7440 bp long however theproduced protein is 680 amino acid long. What is thereason? Explain scientifically using NUMBERS.
- Q Compare how many ATP molecules can be maximally formed by thebreakdown of a glucose molecule in a cell lacking mitochondria, acell that has mitochondria with ion channels specific to protons...
- Q Researchers want to estimate the size of two populations ofGalapagos tortoises on two different islands. They do this bymaking two trips to each island. On the first trip to Island...
- Q discuss eye allergy symptoms in detail as well as thecauses and treatments.
- Q Controlling microorganisms in the environment is becomingincreasingly difficult due to the development of resistance tocommon disinfectants and antiseptics. Some examples of chemicalsthat have been or which are currently being used...
- Q People are unable to break down trimethyl-amine, a compound inthe diet, resulting in a fish-like odor in sweat, urine andbreath.1. Name the trait that causes these symptoms.2. If this is...
- Q Give a definition of a PREADAPTATION in the context ofvertebrate evolution and explain examples in two differentvertebrate classes in which this has occurred. 300 words worth ofquestions. 10 marks
- Q 118 different elements have been recognized in chemistry. Out ofthose only 25 are involved in our body structures and functions.Which are the most and least important ones and why?*Please be...
- Q Building on Dr. Allisons work on Sickle Cell anemia Dr. Paulingtested hemoglobin from diseased individuals, normal individuals andheterozygotes using ____________ technique.
- Q What lines of reasoning support the hypothesis that the firstself-replicating systems were based on RNA molecules?What kinds of evidence support the three-domain concept oflife?What evidence supports the idea that the...
- Q Trophic PyramidDescribe the three types of ecological in detail. Draw aSample energy pyramid and label each trophic level. Provide anorganism that could exit at each level. Example why the availableat...
- Q Life history theory examines trade-offs between the componentsof fitness. Birth weight is one life history trait that can beinfluenced by these trade-offs. Describe in detail one trade-offthat has implications for...
- Q Toads, Monitor lizards, Camels, walk out of the desert and intoa pub in the Australian outback. There, over cold pints of Toohey’sand Cooper’s, they regale other pub patrons with stories...
- Q Name a membrane component that makes the membrane more permeableand one that reduces the permeability. Explain why each componentaffects the permeability it does.
- Q What are Limiting and Regulating Factors? What aredensity-dependent and density-independent rates of change? Giveexamples for all.
- Q The reason why trypanosomes like Trypanosoma brucei aresuccessful invading into the bloodstream is due to antigenicvariation of a homogeneous Variant Surface Glycoprotein (VSG) coat.However, to accomplish this, the trypanosome VSG...
- Q 1. Oxidation of 1g carbohydrate, fat andprotein yields 0.56, 1.07, and 0.42 g metabolic water respectively.Retention of 1g of dietary protein yields 0.16 gmetabolic water whereas 0.07g of water is...
- Q Compare and contrast the Fundamental with the Realized Niche.How will niche breadth respond to changes in competitors andresource availability?
- Q State 2 incidence of mass poisoning of humans thatinvolved arsenic. What are some of the uses of mercury and what isthe aspects bioaccumulation of mercury?
- Q 1-A nurse in the newborn nursery is monitoring a pretermnewborn infant for respiratory distress syndrome. Which assessmentsigns if noted in the newborn infant would alert the nurse to thepossibility of...
- Q QUESTION 3(A) In dairy production, what do you understand by the term‘lactation cycle’? (1 Mark)(B) Mention the four (04) phases of the lactation cycle andhighlight the specific time periods when...
- Q What are the differences between proteinexpression in prokaryotic organisms vs. eukaryoticorganisms
- Q 1. If this insertion is within the coding region of a viralprotein, will this insertion result in a frameshift for the rest ofthe protein? How do you know?2. The insertion...
- Q QUESTION 5As the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic continues to spreadand large parts of the world are under lockdown, livestockproducers are working hard to maintain production in the face ofmany uncertainties.(A)...
- Q Outline and describe the essential detection methods toinvestigate these microbial causative agents in a foodsample:Â Â E. coliStaphylococcus aureusSalmonellae
- Q There are a number of credible sources of information thatsomeone could use to learn more about the science of a topic likecancer. The Internet is often a good place to...
- Q Vertebrates have a gene called Pax6, and this gene codes for aprotein that functions as a transcription factor. Where-ever Pax6protein is produced in young embryos, an eye develops. a. Wherewould...
- Q Why do small seeds commonly need “high quality†lightexposure to germinate? What does “high quality†light mean from aplants perspective??
- Q Describe the contrasting roles of Rac and RhoA inregulating cell migration.
- Q Explain the function of the sarcoplasmic reticulum and T tubulesin skeletal muscle contraction.
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