Biology question and answers for September 03, 2023
- Q Down Syndrome can be caused by trisomy 21 or by a Robertsoniantranslocation. Explain specifically how each ofthese mutations can happen in the cell, and why both cause thesymptoms of Down...
- Q Why is a drug that inhibits telomerase not a good choice forcancer therapy? Make sure to explain what telomerase does in anormal healthy cell.
- Q 1.Briefly Explain at least 5 different types of cardiovasculardisease?2. Identify 7 of the 10 risk factors for cardiovasculardisease that can be changed
- Q Chemotherapy is acommonly used treatment modality for cancer patients. One’s hope isthat the treatment will kill the cancer and not kill the patient!Why do we see so many side effects...
- Q What happens to plant cells when placed in a hypertonicsolution?What happens to plant cells when placed in a hypotonicsolution?What is the purpose of Koehler illumination?
- Q in your own words please.What is the role of cytokine signaling in both types ofimmune responses? In Trypanosoma cruzi infections, innate andadaptive immune responses occur. Which stages of infection in...
- Q QUESTION 19Which trace mineral affect hemoglobin synthesis whendeficient?QUESTION 23What is a technology that improves the safety and extends theshelf life of foods by reducing or eliminating microorganisms?QUESTION 24Fill in the...
- Q Explain how cellulose, hemicellulose and pectin organization inthe cells wall affects the direction of cell growth?
- Q “Organization of Lipids in the Tear Film: A Molecular- LevelView†Article.Identify a specific type of dry eye syndrome. What do theresearchers believe are the causes of the condition?Identify the main...
- Q Endospores. What are endospores?When do bacteria make spores?Briefly describe their structure and formation.How do endospores differ from vegetative cells?What is their relevance to humans?Give examples of bacterial species that form...
- Q A thermosensor protein that has been identified was TlpA, aprotein in Salmonella that was needed to induce virulence genes athigh temperature. Why might a bacteria want to have virulence geneexpression...
- Q Which eukaryotic structure isnormally the last one to make modifications to a polypeptide (likeglycosylation of a protein), before it is secreted from thecell?A. the trans face of theGolgi apparatusB. the...
- Q What structure in the nuclear envelope of eukaryotic cellsallows most proteins to cross, from the cytoplasm into thenucleoplasm, without being unfolded and refolded by chaperones?A. the smooth endoplasmic reticulumB. the...
- Q Eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells are two important kinds ofcells encountered in our world. Do the following:Explain how eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells differ.Explain how the evolution of cells made cellular respirationpossible,...
- Q Ribosomes can normally be found in all of the followingeukaryotic cell locations except:A. the outer nuclear membraneB. the rough endoplasmic reticulumC. the mitochondrionD. the inner nuclear membraneE. the chloroplast
- Q How do you interpret what happens to the brain when brain damagetakes place? What symptoms, either biological or psychological,help a clinician create a clinical picture for a particularpatient?
- Q QUESTION 14In a cross between AaBb x AaBb, roughly 50% of the offspringshow the recessive phenotype and 50% show the dominantphenotype.  This indicates that:crossing over has occurreddominance is incompletethe two genes...
- Q 1. Renin is released from thea. macula densa cellsb. juxtaglomerular cellsc. hepatic cellsd. none of the above2. JG cells are located in which of the following locations?a. DCTb. efferent arteriolesc....
- Q How DNA replication takes place?How do you explain the link between this process andbiopsychology?In your opinion, what is the role of DNA replication inpersonality development?How does epigenetics explain the role...
- Q What are the potential of biocontrol pontenials fortetrahymena vorax ?
- Q What type of diagnostic method do you think would be most suitedto determining if a bacterium causing a human infection waslysogenized by a bacteriophage that contains a virulence gene?
- Q Discuss the general measures taken by the innate and adaptiveimmune cells in response to a virus.What are type III hypersensitivities, and how are they induced;additionally, why are they the hardest...
- Q 27. Which of the following statements is not true concerningprotein folding? a. Proteins fold around a hydrophobic core b. Theinterior of proteins is held together exclusively by hydrophobicinteractions c. The...
- Q Conditional alleles are commonly used by geneticists to controlwhen (temporal) and where (spatial) specific traits are expressed.In this question, you should outline a strategy utilizing thegenetic tools that we have...
- Q Catabolism and anabolism; three stages ofcatabolism
- Q Even before the structure of DNA was solved, studies indicated thatthe genetic material must have the following properties:• be able to store information;• be faithfully replicated and be passed on...
- Q What is genetic drift? What happens to the alleles under thisprocess? Can it be called evolution? How is it different fromnatural selection? Answer these problems in 3-4 sentences. You mustprovide...
- Q Question 24What is the fate of lactate following exercise cessation?Rapid removal in urine since lactic acid is harmful to thebodyConverted to glucose/glycogen by the Cori cycleRapid lactate detoxification by the...
- Q 1. Explain the four types of cell signaling with someexamples.2. Explain the two classes of extracellular signal molecules andreceptor types. Why does the receptor location differ? Include someexamples for each...
- Q Compare and contrast the influence of different phospholipid chainlengths and degree of saturation in membrane lipids on membranefluidity.
- Q 9. Explain what two types of proteins are transferred from thecytosol to the ER. How are these proteins translocated into theRER? What are some examples of proteins that would fit...
- Q 5. Explain role of the α helix in transmembrane proteins. Relateto types of amino acid residues.6. Explain the role of the β sheet in transmembraneproteins.7. Explain how detergents solubilize membrane...
- Q Topic 4: Central nervous system.For the brain structure/ areas below, provide the followinginformation-Location-General function-Example of when the structure/ area would be active-A disease/ disorder that affects the structure/ area, and...
- Q Scientists have hypothesized that life arose from the mix ofchemical compounds present in the prebiotic soup on the Earth'ssurface. Experiments in labs today have shown that fatty acids canspontaneously form...
- Q 1. Explain the specific asymmetric phospholipid distribution inthe plasma membrane.2. Explain where lipids are synthesized and the role offlippases.3. Explain the location of glycolipids in the plasma membraneand why this...
- Q State THREE factors that complicate the analysis of unknownwhite powders by microcrystal tests?Thank you!
- Q QUESTION 1If an organism has 24 tetrads, how many chromosomes will itsgametes have?1224648QUESTION 3In an organism with five pairs of homologous chromosomes, howmany different ways can the tetrads align at...
- Q You are studying recessive mutations of three autosomal, linkedgenes in guinea pigs: fur color (y, yellow);fur texture (wv, wavy); ear size(l, large). The data in columns A and B was...
- Q Section 28.1Briefly describe the general body plan of a typical sponge.Also describe the germ layer and symmetry.What is the purpose of the choanocytes and amoebocytes?How do sponges obtain nutrients?Mode of...
- Q With all that you know about SARS-CoV-2 and Covid-19, discuss apossible evolutionary scenario for SARS-CoV-2 , over the next 6months, 1 year and 5 years. How, if at all, will...
- Q An E. coli cell can import glucose molecules by grouptranslocation or simple transport. If the cell is only using grouptranslocation and is under anaerobic conditions, how many total ATPwill be...
- Q Question: Briefly describe what might happen following a changein blood pressure after standing up from a prone position. Whattype of mechanism is employed? Write as much as detail you can,...
- Q Parents of a kidney transplant candidate were tested for apotential compatible kidney because the candidate demonstrated HLAantibodies. The patient's HLA antigens were typed as A1, A2, B27,B50, DR17, and DR11....
- Q Question 11 ptsWhen chymotrypsin is assayed with the surrogate substratep-nitrophenylacetate, a rapid burst of colored productformation (p-nitrophenolate) is observed, corresponding toa relatively steep slope on the A410 vs. time (seconds)plot,...
- Q List, discuss, and evaluate the major technique used inseparating proteins, including: solubility, size, dialysis,SDS-PAGE, charge-ion exchange chromatography, size and charge 2Dgels, specific ligand binding affinity chromatography,antigen-antibody recognition (western blot, ELISA);...
- Q Section 28.5What is ecydysis? What organisms go through this process?Describe the defining characteristics of nematodes. Describethese organisms in terms of their coelom, excretory system andreproductive system.What are some examples of...
- Q Suppose colourblindness is an X-linked recessive trait, whileHuntington's disease is an autosomal dominant trait. Assume bothtraits are rare. A colourblind man decides to have children with awomen who is heterozygous...
- Q 28.2Describe the germ layer and symmetry of cnidarians.What is the defining characteristic of cnidarians?Compare the two distinct body plans of cnidarians in terms oftheir structure, motility, and mode of reproduction.Describe...
- Q Section 28.3What germ layers are present in lophotrochozoans? What type ofsymmetry do they have?What two ciliated structures are found in lophotrochozoans?What is the purpose of each?Describe flatworms in terms of...
- Q howwould you explain the role of genes and chromosomes in creatinghuman life. what genetic and evironmental factors play a part indevelopment? describe the ways in which genes can influence theenvironment.
- Q The cost of NOT performing 2 cycles of photorespiration is1 C in the form of CO24 C in the form of 2 molecules of phosphoglycolate1 C (as CO2), 2 ATP,...
- Q Why are type I and type II reaction centers required foroxygeneic photosynthesis?
- Q Describe how a negative feedback loop works in biology.
- Q 40. Primary aldosteronism leads toa. hypernatremiab. hyponatremiac. hyperkalemiad. none of the above39. Hypernatremia secondary to increased sodium intakecan lead toa. increased hematocritb. decreased hematocritc. increased plasma proteinsd. none of the...
- Q Which of the following enzymes is very important in determiningthe partitioning of glyceraldehyle-3-phosphate/dihydroxy acetonephosphate between starch synthesis and sucrose synthesisAquaporinsG3P/DHAP efflux channelRubisCOTriose-phosphate translocatorATPasesThe accumulation of phosphorylated sugars in the cytoplasmwillIncrease...
- Q You will be assigned tetracycline an antibioticto focus your discussion on. Please answer the following questionsabout your assigned antibiotic.tetracyclineHow does it kill bacteria?Is your antibiotic selectively toxic? Please explain youranswer,...
- Q You derive a cell line from a tumour and discover that it isdeficient in DNA helicase activity and DNA repair activity. Is thishelicase deficiency likely to affect base excision or...
- Q Draw a simple diagram and include detailed labels that shows:the two ways that meiosis creates geneticdiversity (crossing over and independent assortment)You should draw chromosomes (complete with chromosome # andmaternal/paternal symbol),...
- Q Compare and conntrast negative feedback control of an enzymeversus enzyme repression.
- Q A. A client is receiving 200 mg of “X†medication every 6hours. Assuming the half-life of the medication is 3 hours,approximately how much drug would be in the client’s body...
- Q What is the causative agent of herpes simplex and where are thecommon places that it is encountered at?
- Q 1. Following an infection (or injury) in some tissue, __1__ arereleased by cells, which triggers a(n) __2__.One result is the recruitment of __3__, which is part of__4__.These cells engulf the...
- Q how to look for genetic patterns in a pedigree
- Q Explain what would happen during DNA replication if both DNA PolI and DNA Pol III had high processivity. in writing nodiagrams or pictures
- Q Telomerase carries around its own piece of RNA. Explain why thispiece of RNA is important and what it is used for.
- Q Compare and contrast the way a liver cell responds to theingestion of a common antibiotic and the ingestion of the dioxinTCDD (2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin) and explain whythe dioxin is so toxic. in...
- Q What is the correct order of the steps regarding speciation?Group of answer choicesa. geographic isolation->one species->reproductiveisolation->divergent evolution->two speciesb. reproductive isolation->one species->reproductiveisolation->two speciesc. two species->geographic isolation->onespecies->reproductive->isolation->divergent evolutiond. one species->geographic isolation->divergentevolution->reproductive isolation->two...
- Q Initiation of protein synthesis in prokaryotes and eukaryotes isbasically similar but there are some significant differences.Briefly discuss four differences in the processes of initiation ofprotein synthesis between prokaryotes and eukaryotes
- Q Compare and contrast the accuracy of:DNA replicationRNA synthesisProtein synthesisWhat mechanisms are used to ensure the fidelity of each of theseprocesses? in writing no diagrams or pictures
- Q a) You have an exponentially-growing population of rodents, withan annual λ of 1.35.Calculate the number of individuals added to thepopulation in a given month whenthere are 250, 500, 1000, 5000,...
- Q Nematoda: Unsegmented round worms, longitudinal muscle anddistinctive form of locomotion, alimentary canal. How can thesesurvive without circulatory or gas exchange systems? How does thisconcept relate to their size, shape, and...
- Q Please answer thoroughlyStep 1 – Define and compare the terms species, population andecosystem.Step 2– Give typical examples (cases) of the terms you havedefined above.Step 3-Show the relationship between the above...
- Q Recall the steps involved in phagocytosis. Now, speculate on theconsequenses if an organism had the ability to evadephagocytosis.
- Q What are some ways that active site residues can beidentified?
- Q Compare the structures of myoglobin and haemoglobin, and explainhow each structure relates to the function of the protein. (NODIAGRAMS or pictures in writing )
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