Biology question and answers for November 16, 2023
- Q Which of the following is not associated with a bacterial ribosome?Select one:a. It is a 70s holoenzyme. b. It has a peptide (P) site.c. It has an exit site.d. Its...
- Q A positive direct ELISA result requiresSelect one:a. one known antibody, one unknown antibody, and an unknown antigen.b. one known antibody, one unknown antibody, and a known antigen.c. two known antibodies...
- Q What is the role of mRNA?It is involved in the translation of mRNAIt is the template of translationIt is involved in regulating gene expressionIt is involved in modification of mRNA...
- Q Supposed a tRNA molecule bearing the anticodon for cysteine, and with a cysteine bound to it, is chemically treated as to change the cysteine to alanine (the tRNA molecule and...
- Q Which of the following is not accurate?There are spliceosomes in eukaryotes but not prokaryotesThe ribosomes of eukaryotes are larger than in prokaryotesThe mRNA transcript of the DNA of eukaryotes has...
- Q What allows enormous lengths of DNA to be folded inside the nucleus and from prevents chromatin becoming tangled during mitosis? A. chromosome B. ribosome C. centrioles D. nucleosome
- Q A chemical called 5-bromouracil is a base analog classified as a mutagen because it resembles thymine structurally and in its ability to base pair with cytosine. TrueFalse
- Q How can we best describe a double helix?A. circleB. twisted ladderC. tube
- Q Why is it necessary for DNA to replicate?A. DNA must be copied before a cell can divide.B. DNA must replicate to avoid breaking down.C. DNA does not need to be...
- Q Two or more versions of the same gene that contain somewhat different DNA sequences & may code for sligthly different versions of the same protein are called:adaptationsallelesphenotypeschromosomesgametes
- Q In the synthesis of deoxyribonucleotides,ribonucleotide reductase (RNR) uses a tyrosyl radical in its mechanismelectrons for the reduction ultimately come from NADPHthey hydroxyl at position 2 of ribose is converted to...
- Q What rules simplify the process of replication?A. The rules of base pairing.B. The rules of engagement.C. The rules of replication.D. The rules of RNA.
- Q Predict the expression of the lac operon in a cell with a lacO- mutation:The lac genes would be expressed only in the presence of lactose.The lac genes would never be...
- Q Which of the following choices represents the expected behavior of a mutant that can longer make a functional Lacy protein?Lactose enters the cell and is broken down normally.Nothing happens because...
- Q If E. coll cells are grown in a medium with no sugars, what is the expected behavior of the CAP Activator?CAMP would be bound to the CAP Activator.Lacl would be...
- Q Which of the following statements about mutations and genetic disease are correct?Check all that apply.Some genetic diseases may be caused by the substitution of only one incorrect amino acid in...
- Q The three basic parts of a nucleotide arephosphate, deoxyribose sugar, nitrogenous basephosphate, deoxyriboses sugar, glycerolphosphate, hexose sugar, nitrogenous basecarboxyl group, deoxyribose sugar, nitrogenous base
- Q Chargaff's Rule is best described by which statement? Radioactive phosphorus traced the activity of viral DNA to show that this was injected into cells Using enzymes to destroy protein, only...
- Q The main support to the DNA molecule is provided by two backbones with run alongthe two side of the double helix.These backbones consist ofSugars and bases linked by esterpeptide bondsPhosphates...
- Q Which pair of letters would require a higher temperature (kinetic energy) toseparate?The bonds holding nitrogen bases will not separate at any temperatureC and DThere is no way to know for...
- Q Which statement below about mRNA is true?O A gene's promoter sequence is transcribed into mRNA.Translation begins at the 5' end of a molecule of mRNA.mRNA is complementary to the coding...
- Q The nucleotide at the end of one strand of a fragment of double-stranded DNA has afree phosphate attached to the 5' carbon of its deoxyribose sugar.The complementary nucleotide has:A free...
- Q Under ideal conditions, how do allele frequencies change over time?A. The frequency of the dominant allele increases over time.B. The frequency of the recessive allele increases over time.C. The allele...
- Q Q4.2. In the diagram below showing four DNA replication bubbles, RNA primers are shown as red while DNA is black. Which bubble has the correct 5' and 3' labels?Bubble ABubble...
- Q In DNA the backbone of the molecule is made ofalternating Adenine and guaninealternating sugar and phosphateCytosine and guanine bonded togethernone of the above
- Q I. Number of codon variantsII. Number of anticodon varietiesIII. Number of amino acid typesIV. Number of nucleotide variants in the geneAccordingly, the ones given above are from big to small.Which...
- Q Several blotting techniques are used to detect cellular macromolecules. Which of the following correctly links the blotting technique with the macromolecule that it detects?a. All of the above are correct.b....
- Q Which of the following is NOT true regarding DNA gel electrophoresis?a. The agarose gel acts as a molecular sieve separating DNA fragments based on physical size.b. By passing an electrical...
- Q If a gene was 300 nitrogen base pairs in length (not counting punctuation codons), how long would the protein chain be?900 amino acids100 amino acids450 amino acids300 amino acids
- Q The DNA molecule replicates itself and ensures that hereditary characteristics are passed down from generation to generation. The formation of two helical structures during DNA replication, II. breaking of weak...
- Q The DNA molecule replicates itself, allowing hereditary traits to be passed down from generation to generation. allows it to be passed on to the next generation.During DNA replication,I. formation of...
- Q Enzymes that break down DNA catalyze the hydrolysis of the covalent bonds that join nucleotides together. What would happen to DNA molecules treated with these enzymes?a. The two strands of...
- Q What are sequences that have been duplicated or remnants from past genes, but no longer have the right sequence to produce a functional protein?RNA interferenceAlu transposonpseudogenenoncoding RNA
- Q Male housecats may be black or yellow. Females may be black, tortoise-shell pattern, or yellow.a If these colors are governed by a sex-linked locus, how can these results be explained?b...
- Q Histone proteinscontrol gene expression through chemical interactions that expose parts of the DNA totranscription factors, while shielding other parts.are male sex hormones.are inert spool-like structural supports around which DNA winds.bind...
- Q Which codons are synonymous?CAC and CAUACA and AGCUCC and GACCAC and CAG
- Q The large ribosomal subunit joins the initiation complex to begin _______ translation.terminationelongationassociationinitiationduring
- Q In transcription, the promoter isan enzyme that binds DNA.a recognition sequence in RNA that attracts ribosomes.a series of proteins that collectively bind to DNA.A DNA sequence that RNA polymerase binds.
- Q RNA differs from DNA in thatit has deoxyribose instead of ribose.it is usually single-stranded.it is usually double-stranded.it has thymine instead of uracil.
- Q A ribozyme isan RNA that can catalyze a specific chemical reaction.a stretch of uracil in RNA that directs splicing.an enzyme that catalyzes the assembly of ribosomes.an RNA-protein complex that cleaves...
- Q The nitrogenous base that is in RNA but not in DNA isurea.thymine.uracil.thiamine.
- Q Transcription factors function in the expression of genes byassociating to initiate translation.initiating replication.halting the activity of RNA polymerase at the end of transcription.turning transcription of specific genes on or off.
- Q A genetic code word is called a(n)amino acid.nodoc.proton.codon.
- Q Frederick Griffith was a microbiologist who observed thatDNA from heat-killed viruses transforms virulent viruses.DNA contains nitrogen and phosphorus.Oproteases disrupt transformation from nonvirulence to virulence.nonvirulent bacteria become virulent when mixed with...
- Q The process that produces mRNA from DNA is calledtranslation.Otranscription.replication.processing.post-translational modification.
- Q Which statement about RNA polymerase in bacteria is INCORRECT?It is bound to a sigma factor during initiation of transcription.It synthesizes RNA.It catalyzes the addition of nucleotides to the 5' end...
- Q In a eukaryotic genome, DNA replication starts atmultiple sites along the length of each chromosome. one replication fork per chromosome. a single origin of replication.nucleosomes.
- Q In DNA replication,the parental DNA splits and free nucleotides bond to their complements, building two DNAmolecules from one.an entirely new double helix is built using information in the sequence of...
- Q The first and best-known DNA amplification technique isSanger sequencingOkazaki synthesisnext-generation sequencingthe polymerase chain reaction
- Q The DNA molecule is best described in which of the following ways?nitrogen-base backbone with varying phosphate compositionsugar backbone with phosphate varyingphosphate backbone with varying sugar contentsugar-phosphate backbone with varying nitrogen-base...
- Q Intervening sequencesdogmatranslationtemplatetranscriptionthyminetransferexonsintronsmessengeradenineuracilnucleussplicingonepolymerase
- Q In a eukaryotic cell, the direct product of transcription isrRNA.DNA.pre-mRNA.mRNA.protein.
- Q Where and when specifically does DNA replication occur?nucleus, only during sexmitochondria, when ATP needs to be madenucleus, when cell is preparing to divideribosome, when protein synthesis occurscytoplasm, when cell undergoes...
- Q Cystic fibrosis is a recessive genetic disease caused by a mutation in the gene that encodes the CFTR protein, which transports chloride ions in and out of cells. Some populations...
- Q Watson and Crick received the Nobel Prize for:proving their miracle diet worksestablishing that DNA replication is semiconservativesolving the structure of DNAproving that DNA is the genetic materialshowing that the amount...
- Q Fragments in lagging strand during DNA replicationadenineantiparallelchainreactioncytosinedeoxyribosFranklinhelixhydrogenleadingnucleotidenucleusOkazakipolymeraserepairsemiconservative
- Q Which of the following base pairs is NOT complementary?Adenine-cytosineCytosine-guanineThymine-adenineAdenine-uracil
- Q If the content of adenine (A) in a DNA molecule is 30%, then which of the following is also true?A, there is 20% cytosine (C)B. there is 20% guanine (G)C....
- Q Succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) assay will be used to identify the presence of mitochondria in the acquired fractions.SDH enzyme is:a) Involved in the electron transport chain and the Krebs cycleb) Embedded...
- Q Use the genetic code table to answer these questions:(A)Please specify the RNA molecule, and the polypeptide (be mindful of directionality) that is generated from this fragment of DNA. The bottom...
- Q 15. Mr. and Mrs. Green just gave birth to fraternal twins. Unfortunately, the nurse mixed them up with 4 other babies. Doctor's took samples of DNA from all of the...
- Q Write the sequence of a strand of DNA replicated using the following base sequences as a templatea. TCGAGAATCTCGATTb. CCGTATAGCCGGTAC
- Q C?H5OH ? C?H3OOHEthanol ------> Acetic AcidWhich of the following is true about this reaction?(Hint: The equation should have same number of. O on both sides to be balanced]This process occurs...
- Q Scientists examined the folded structure of a purified protein resuspended in water and found that amino acids with nonpolar R groups were primarily buried in the middle of the protein,...
- Q In fruit flies, the gene for white eyes is X-linked recessive. If a white eyed female is crossed with a red eyed male, what percentage of the males will have...
- Q Which of the following statements is/are CORRECT about excision repair?DNA polymerase seals the nick left in the sugar-phosphate backbone of repaired DNA strandDNA ligase forms the final phosphodiester bondendonuclease removes...
- Q Travis and Marcy, a Caucasian couple, are pregnant with their first child. Travis has a prior child with cystic fibrosis (autosomal recessive). He has refused to pursue carrier testing but...
- Q If the following snippet of mRNA is translated, what sequence of amino acids would beproduced? (Hint: Use a codon table to help find the answer.)mRNA: 5'-GCGACU-3'Ala-ThrSer-AlaArg.Ser-Arg
- Q What type of mutation involves a small part of the DNA sequence that is copied andadded, with the result that the gene grows larger with every generation?
- Q Isoforms aredifferent versions of proteins that reflect different exon combinations.the patterns of acetyls, phosphates, and methyl groups that bind to a particular gene.different types of RNA molecules.technologies that sequence DNA...
- Q Ensures that mistakes during DNA replication are correctedadenineantiparallelchainreactioncytosinedeoxyriboseFranklinhelixhydrogenleadingnucleotidenucleuskazakipolymeraserepairsemiconservative
- Q Which of the following can form a pyrimidine dimerA DNA sequence with a guanine followed by a guanine.A DNA sequence with a guanine followed by a thymine.A DNA sequence with...
- Q The frequency of allele R in an isolated population of 200 outcrossing grasses (no inbreeding) is 0.2. Immigrants from a population with a frequency of R = 0.5 are introduced...
- Q If mRNA has the codon AGU, what tRNA anti-codon will match with it in the ribosome? (Enter the anti-codon answer as three capital letters with no spaces or dashes between...
- Q Select the correct answer.Which mutation does the given change in nucleotide sequence represent?ATTGCATC ? ATACGTTCA translocationB. substitutionC. inversionD. duplication
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