Q6 4 What is the effective size of a population The size of a population with the same heterozygosity as the actual population but which does not lose heterozygosity over time The size of an idealized randomly mating population losing homozygosity at the same rate as the actual population The size of an idealized randomly mating population losing heterozygosity at the same rate as the actual population The size of a randomly mating population with the same sex ratio as the actual population Q6 5 Which of the following is most likely to increase the effective size of a population Increasing the census population size and making the sex ratio less balanced Increasing the census population size and making mating more random i e less local Decreasing the census population size and making the sex ratio less balanced OMaking the sex ratio more balanced and making mating less random i e more local Q6 6 If gametes from a gene pool combine randomly to make only a small number of zygotes the allele frequencies among the zygotes may be quite different than they are in the gene pool Why The effects of natural selection are more pronounced in small populations Changes in allele frequencies over many generations are inevitable with sexual reproduction O Alleles combine more randomly with a small number of zygotes O The effects of sampling error are more pronounced with smaller samples