Explain in detail the mechanisms of fluid exchange betweencapillaries and the interstitium. Then, define edema, and usecause-and-effect arguments, explain how each of the followingconditions cause edema. Be sure to explain the underlying mechanismcausing the edema.
• Lymphatic filariasis (elephanaiasis) and parasitic infectionwith a type of nematode.
• Surgical removal of lymphatic collecting vessels and lymphnodes. For example in cancer treatment.
• Pregnancy. Specically: gestational edema due to the pressureof uterus on the IVC and common iliac veins.
• Inflammation (histamine, cytokines)
• Liver failure (could be due to any of the following:hepatitis, cirrhosis, cancer)
• Renal disease (specifically glomerular nephritis) • Renalfailure (complete failure)
• Heart failure (specifically: weakened right ventricle)
• Heart Failure (specifically: weakened left ventricle)
