A matrix is said to be a column matrix if it has only one column 3 For example A 1 1 2 In general A a mx is a column matrix of order m 1 ii Row matrix 1 A matrix is said to be a row matrix if it has only one row For example B J1x4 In general B b x is a row matrix of order 1 n ii Square matrix 40 For example A is a column matrix of order 4 1 2 A matrix in which the number of rows are equal to the number of columns is said to be a square matrix Thus an m n matrix is said to be a square matrix if m n and is known as a square matrix of order n 4 MATHEMATICS 5 23 3 1 0 3 3 2 1 3 v Scalar matrix In general A a mxm Note If A a is a square matrix of order n then elements entries a a is a row matr 1 3 are said to constitute the diagonal of the matrix A Thus if A 2 4 3 5 Then the elements of the diagonal of A are 1 4 6 is a square matrix of order 3 is a square matrix of order m For example A 4 B Rationalised 2023 24 of order 1 2 3 respectively 1 olished iv Diagonal matrix A square matrix B b mxm is said to be a diagonal matrix if all its non diagonal elements are zero that is a matrix B b xm is said to be a diagonal matrix if b 0 when i j y 1 1 0 0 C 0 20 0 03 b 0 when i j y 1 1 6 a nn he are diagonal matrices A diagonal matrix is said to be a scalar matrix if its diagonal elements are equal that is a square matrix B b nxn is said to be a scalar matrix