You wish to test the following claim (HaHa) at a significancelevel of ?=0.05?=0.05. For the context of this problem, one dataset represents a pre-test and the other data set represents apost-test.     

Ho:?d=0Ho:?d=0
Ha:?d?0Ha:?d?0

You believe the population of difference scores is normallydistributed, but you do not know the standard deviation. You obtainpre-test and post-test samples for n=137n=137 subjects. The averagedifference (post - pre) is ¯d=2.2d¯=2.2 with a standard deviationof the differences of sd=43.1sd=43.1.

1. What is the test statistic for this sample?
   
   test statistic =  Round to 4 decimal places.
   
2. What is the p-value for this sample? Round to 4 decimalplaces.
   
   p-value =  
   
3. The p-value is...
   • less than (or equal to) ??
   • greater than ??
   
   
4. This test statistic leads to a decision to...
   • reject the null
   • accept the null
   • fail to reject the null
   
   
5. As such, the final conclusion is that...
   • There is sufficient evidence to warrant rejection of the claimthat the mean difference of post-test from pre-test is not equal to0.
   • There is not sufficient evidence to warrant rejection of theclaim that the mean difference of post-test from pre-test is notequal to 0.
   • The sample data support the claim that the mean difference ofpost-test from pre-test is not equal to 0.
   • There is not sufficient sample evidence to support the claimthat the mean difference of post-test from pre-test is not equal to0.