You decide to further your research project by hypothesizingthat the true proportion of core body temperatureincreases amidst higher ambient temperature and humiditylevels for the population who do not use electric fans isless than those who do use electric fans, setting thelevel of significance at 5% for the formalhypothesis test. In other words, you extend your sampling to twosamples instead of just one. You randomly sample 31 and 39participants for your first and second groups, respectively, basedon your research funding and for 45 minutes, all study participantssit in a chamber maintained at a temperature of 108 degreesFahrenheit (i.e., 42 degrees Celsius) and a relative humidity of70%. After the first 45-minute warming period, you record theparticipants' core body temperatures. Furthermore, for Group 2 onlyyou place a personal sized electric fan 3 feet away with itsairflow directed at a given participant's chest area, and theparticipants relax in this position for the next 45 minutes,whereas for Group 1 you do not provide electric fans. At the end ofthis 45-minute fan period, you record the core body temperatures ofall participants, documenting any temperature increases as comparedto the start of the time period. The following table comprises thedata you collect.
Table 1. No Fans| Subject | Core Body
Temperature
Increased? | | 1 | 0 | | 2 | 1 | | 3 | 0 | | 4 | 0 | | 5 | 0 | | 6 | 0 | | 7 | 0 | | 8 | 0 | | 9 | 1 | | 10 | 0 | | 11 | 0 | | 12 | 1 | | 13 | 0 | | 14 | 0 | | 15 | 1 | | 16 | 0 | | 17 | 1 | | 18 | 1 | | 19 | 0 | | 20 | 1 | | 21 | 0 | | 22 | 0 | | 23 | 0 | | 24 | 0 | | 25 | 0 | | 26 | 0 | | 27 | 1 | | 28 | 1 | | 29 | 0 | | 30 | 0 | | 31 | 1 | | | Table 2. Fans| Subject | Core Body
Temperature
Increased? | | 1 | 0 | | 2 | 1 | | 3 | 0 | | 4 | 0 | | 5 | 1 | | 6 | 1 | | 7 | 0 | | 8 | 1 | | 9 | 0 | | 10 | 0 | | 11 | 0 | | 12 | 0 | | 13 | 0 | | 14 | 1 | | 15 | 0 | | 16 | 1 | | 17 | 0 | | 18 | 0 | | 19 | 0 | | 20 | 0 | | 21 | 1 | | 22 | 0 | | 23 | 1 | | 24 | 1 | | 25 | 0 | | 26 | 1 | | 27 | 1 | | 28 | 1 | | 29 | 1 | | 30 | 0 | | 31 | 1 | | 32 | 0 | | 33 | 0 | | 34 | 0 | | 35 | 0 | | 36 | 0 | | 37 | 0 | | 38 | 1 | | 39 | 0 | |
Per Step 3 of the 5-Steps to Hypothesis Testing, choosethe appropriate decision rule.
Please note that 0 and 1 are defined as no and yes,respectively, which is a typical coding scheme in PublicHealth.
Select one:
a. Accept H0 if t < -1.282
b. Reject H0 if z ? -1.645
c. Reject H0 if t = +1.282
d. Reject H1 if z ? -2.326
**P.S: can you please explain how to get Z, and when tomake it negative, i.e. why we choose upper tail and then make it -? . Thanks alot
