Why do ions have a difficult time getting through plasma membranes despite their small size? How...

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Biology

Why do ions have a difficult time getting through plasmamembranes despite their small size? How are ions transportedthrough biological membranes?
Where does the cell get energy for active transportprocesses?
Describe the position of the transition state on a verticalenergy scale, from low to high, relative to the position of thereactants and products, for both endergonic and exergonicreactions. How do enzymes affect the energy of the reactants,product, and transition state.
Do you think that the E_A for ATP hydrolysis isrelatively low or high? Explain your reasoning.
Explain in your own words the difference between a spontaneousreaction and one that occurs instantaneously, and what causes thisdifference.
Nearly all organisms on Earth carry out some form ofglycolysis. How does this fact support or not support the assertionthat glycolysis is one of the oldest metabolic pathways?
What is the primary goal of glycolysis and the citric acidcycle (think about what is being produced and what it is usedfor)?
Why is it important to have regulatory control over metabolicpathways like glycolysis?

Answer & Explanation Solved by verified expert

4.4 Ratings (718 Votes)

1 Ions have specific charge so are hydrophilic So they cannot associate with the hydrophobic membrane components and do not cross the plasma membranes easily Ions require special channels or transporters for transport across plasma membranes 2 Active transportation of components occurs against the concentration gradient which requires pumps The energy required for such transportation is obtained from ATP 3 The transition state is always at a higher energy See Answer

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