Which statement is FALSE of the genetic code?

a) it contains a list of codons and the amino acids they codefor which combine together to form proteins

b) a total of 20 amino acids are coded for by more than 20codons

c) a codon 'word' consists of three nucleotides, and each codoncodes for one amino acid

d) different codons can code for the same amino acid, if theyshare the same first two nucleotides in the codon

e) the third nucleotide in the codon needs to be precise for thecorrect amino acid according to the wobble hypothesis

What is natural hybridization between species?

a) the process of producing DNA clones by inserting the genesfrom one species into another

b) the process of individuals from dissimilar groups mating andforming viable offspring

c) the process of individuals that are genetically identicalmating and creating genetically variable offspring

d) the process of amplifying small regions of DNA into millionsof copies within a short period of time

e) none of these are true

After the process of meiosis is completed to form sperm and eggcells, they come together to created fertilized human cell whichis..

a) diploid

b) haploid

c) a zygote

d) triploid

e) both A & C

What is NOT a physical characteristic of DNA?

a) double helix

b) antiparallel

c) complimentary base pairing

d) single stranded

e) has thymine bases

What is the direction of the flow of information withincells?

a) proteins, RNA, DNA

b) DNA, proteins, RNA

c) DNA, RNA, proteins

d) RNA, DNA, proteins

What is the difference between restriction enzymes (REs) andpolymerase chain reaction (PCR)?

a) REs are used to create millions of copies of DNA, PCR isinvolved in inserting DNA from one place to another

b) REs are used in cell regeneration, PCR is used in insertingfragments into bacterial plasmids

c) REs help cut DNA into smaller fragments, PCR is used totransfer foreign DNA from viruses

d) RE's cut DNA at specific sequences of nucleotides, PCR isused to amplify a certain section of DNA into millions ofcopies

e) RE's use the Cas-9 enzyme, PCR uses the CRISPR enzyme

In fruit flies, eye color is a sex-linked gene, where red coloris dominant to the mutation causing white eyes. If a red-eyed malemated with a white-eyed female, what will the phenotypes of theoffspring be?

a) all of the females will have red eyes, all the males willhave white

b) all of the females will have white eyes, all of the maleswith have red

c) all of the offspring will have red eyes

d) all of the offspring will have white eyes

Which is TRUE of a DNA mutation?

a) is a change in the nucleotide sequence

b) always results in a change in the protein

c) may change the protein IF the change in nucleotide sequenceoccurs inside of a gene AND changes the amino acid of a codon

d) all of the above

e) A & C only

True or False: DNA methylation is a type of epigenetic changewhich can alter gene expression, even though there is no mutationin the genetic sequence itself.