what would be some practical research scenarios in the field of Social Work where this type...

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what would be some practical research scenarios in the field ofSocial Work where this type of statistical test would beappropriate.

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Statistical tests are mathematical tools for analyzingquantitative data generated in a research study The multitude ofstatistical tests makes a researcher difficult to remember whichstatistical test to use in which condition There are variouspoints which one needs to ponder upon while choosing a statisticaltest These include the type of study design which we discussed inthe last issue number of groups for comparison and type of dataie continuous dichotomous or categoricalIn the present article we are going to discuss these pointsbut before that let us go through some important concepts instatisticsThere are four main levels of measurementtypes of data used instatistics They have different degrees of usefulness instatistical research Ratio measurements have both a meaningfulzero value and the distances between different measurementsdefined they provide the greatest flexibility in statisticalmethods that can be used for analyzing the data Intervalmeasurements have meaningful distances between measurementsdefined but the zero value is arbitrary as in the case withlongitude and temperature measurements in Celsius or FahrenheitOrdinal measurements have imprecise differences between consecutivevalues but have a meaningful order to those values Nominalmeasurements have no meaningful rank order among values Becausevariables conforming only to nominal or ordinal measurements cannotbe reasonably measured numerically sometimes they are groupedtogether as categorical variables whereas ratio and intervalmeasurements are grouped together as quantitative or continuousvariables due to their numerical natureIn the study of statistics we focus on mathematicaldistributions for the sake of simplicity and relevance to the realworld Understanding these distributions will enable us tovisualize the data easier and build models quicker However theycannot and do not replace the work of manual data collection andgenerating the actual data distribution Distributions show whatpercentage of the data lies within a certain range So given adistribution and a set of values we can determine the probabilitythat the data will lie within a certain range The same data maylead to different conclusions if they are interposed on differentdistributions So it is vital in all statistical analysis for datato be put onto the correct distributionGo toP VALUEAssume that there are data collected from two samples and thatthe means of the two samples are different In this case there aretwo possibilities the samples really have different means or theother possibility is that the difference that is observed is acoincidence of random sampling However there is no way to confirmany of these possibilitiesAll one can do is calculate the probabilities known asP value in statistics of observing a difference betweensample means in an experiment of the studied sample size The valueof P ranges from zero to one If the P value issmall then the difference is quite unlikely to be caused by randomsampling or in other words the difference between the two samplesis real One has to decide this value in advance ie at whichsmallest accepted value of P the difference will beconsidered as real differenceThe statistical significance of a result is the probability thatthe observed relationship eg between variables or a differenceeg See Answer

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