What is the difference between a working and a speaking outline? Be specific about the elements...

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Psychology

What is the difference between a working and a speaking outline?Be specific about the elements included (or not included) ineach.â€‹

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When we discuss outlining we are actually focusing on a series of outlines instead of a single one Outlines are designed to evolve throughout your speech preparation process so this section will discuss how you progress from a working outline to a fullsentence outline and finally a speaking outline We will also discuss how using notecards for your speaking outline can be helpful to you as a speaker Working Outline A working outline is an outline you use for developing your speech It undergoes many changes on its way to completion This is the outline where you lay out the basic structure of your speech You must have a general and specific purpose an introduction including a grabber and a concrete specific thesis statement and preview You also need three main points a conclusion and a list of references One strategy for beginning your working outline is to begin by typing in your labels for each of the elements Later you can fill in the content When you look ahead to the fullsentence outline you will notice that each of the three main points moves from the general to the particular Specifically each main point is a claim followed by particular information that supports that claim so that the audience will perceive its validity For example for a speech about coal mining safety your first main point might focus on the idea that coal mining is a hazardous occupation You might begin by making a very general claim such as Coal mining is one of the most hazardous occupations in the United States and then become more specific by providing statistics authoritative quotations or examples to support your primary claim A working outline allows you to work out the kinks in your message For instance lets say youve made the claim that coal mining is a hazardous occupation but you cannot find authoritative evidence as support Now you must reexamine that main point to assess its validity You might have to change that main point in order to be able to support it If you do so however you must make sure the new main point is a logical part of the thesis statementthree main pointsconclusion sequence The working outline shouldnt be thought of a rough copy but as a careful step in the development of your message It will take time to develop Here is an example of a working outline Name Anomaly May McGillicuddy Topic Smart dust General Purpose To inform Specific Purpose To inform a group of science students about the potential of smart dust Main Ideas Smart dust is an assembly of microcomputers Smart dust can be used by the militaryno nosmart dust could be an enormous asset in covert military operations Thats better because it is more clear and precise Smart dust could also have applications to daily life Introduction Grabber fill in later Thesis Statement Thus far researchers hypothesize that smart dust could be used for everything from tracking patients in hospitals to early warnings of natural disasters and defending against bioterrorism Preview Today Im going to explain what smart dust is and the various applications smart dust has in the near future To help us understand the small of it all we will first examine what smart dust is and how it works We will then examine some military applications of smart dust And we will end by discussing some nonmilitary applications of smart dust Transition fill in later Main Point I Dr Kris Pister a professor in the robotics lab at the University of California at Berkeley originally conceived the idea of smart dust in 1998 as part of a project funded by the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency DARPA supporting point supporting point Transition fill in later Main Point II Because smart dust was originally conceptualized under a grant from DARPA military uses of smart dust have been widely theorized and examined supporting point supporting point Transition fill in later Main Point III According to the smart dust project website smart dust could quickly become a common part of our daily lives supporting point supporting point Transition fill in later Conclusion Bring your message full circle and create a psychologically satisfying closure This stage of preparation turns out to be a good place to go back and examine whether all the main points are directly related to the thesis statement and to each other If so your message has a strong potential for unity of focus But if the relationship of one of the main points is weak this is the time to strengthen it It will be more difficult later for two reasons first the sheer amount of text on your pages will make the visual task more difficult and second it becomes increasingly difficult to change things in which you have a large investment in time and thought You can see that this working outline can lay a strong foundation for the rest of your message Its organization is visually apparent Once you are confident in the internal unity of your basic message you can begin filling in the supporting points in descending detailthat is from the general main points to the particular supporting points and then to greater detail The outline makes it See Answer

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