what is an ion selective introde theory? can you provide a full detailed summary about the...

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Chemistry

what is an ion selective introde theory? can you provide a fulldetailed summary about the theory?

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An Ion selective electrode is a sensor which converts the activity of a specific ion dissolved in a solution into a voltage potential which can be measured by a mV or Ion meter The voltage is theoretically dependent on the logarithm of the ion activity as described by the Nernst Equation E E0 2303RTnFlogA The sensing part of the electrode is usually made from an ion specific membrane coupled together with a reference electrode either separate or as a combination There are five main types of ion selective membranes which are detailed hereunder One Glass membrane electrodes are formed from special ionically conducting glass By altering the composition and constituents of the glass changes can be made to selectivity chemical resistance response time and impedance The most common glass membrane ion selective electrode is the pH electrode Another common one is the sodium selective electrode Two Crystalline or solid state membrane electrodes are made from relatively insoluble ionically conducting inorganic salts These are available in homogeneous and heterogeneous forms They have good selectivity since only ions which can introduce themselves into the crystal lattice can interfere Examples include the Fluoride electrode which uses a doped LaF3 crystal and the Chloride electrode which uses silver chloride powder Three Polymer Membrane Electrodes are based on special organic polymer membranes which contain various ionexchange ionophores incorporated into an See Answer

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