We explored adult male infanticide in African lions in order tolearn more about the ultimate causal logic of thisbehavior and of non-human animal social behavior more generally.Which of the following is the most accurate and complete statementof this ultimate logic?

	a.	Infanticidal male lions are more likely to transmit copies oftheir personal design information in all social contexts whereinthey find themselves.
	b.	Male lion infanticide evolves because it is likely to increasethe average fitness of the local lion population by eliminatingless fit individuals.
	c.	Infanticidal male lions are more likely to transmit copies oftheir personal design information in the specific circumstanceswhere they are in head-to-head competition with non-infanticidalmales lions.
	d.	Male lion infanticide occurs because individual males' evolvedminds find this behavior highly gratifying.

1. We explored the simple logic of \"kin selection,\" a processcentral to understanding non-human animal social behavior (and somehuman behaviors, as we will shortly see). Which of the following isthe most accurate and complete statement about the ultimate causallogic of kin selection? [Note that more than one answer mightbe a true statement without being the best answer to the specificquestion asked.]

   	a.	Kin selection results in the optimal level of cooperation forthe benefit of the species of the animals engaging in suchcooperation.
   	b.	Kin-selective cooperation creates a situation in which twopieces of information that are recent copies of one another canmutually assist in each other's ongoing replication.
   	c.	Kin selection results in the optimal level of cooperation forthe benefit of the gene pool represented by the animals engaging insuch cooperation.
   	d.	Kin-selective cooperation creates a situation in which twoindividuals who are members of the same closely related familymutually assist each other's ongoing reproduction.