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Article:

Bacterial Quorum Sensing and Microbial CommunityInteractions

ABSTRACT

Many bacteria use a cell-cell communication system called quorumsensing to coordinate population density-dependent changes inbehavior. Quorum sensing involves the production of and response todiffusible or secreted signals, which can vary substantially acrossdifferent types of bacteria. In many species, quorum sensingmodulates virulence functions and is important for pathogenesis.Over the past half-century, there has been a significantaccumulation of knowledge of the molecular mechanisms, signalstructures, gene regulons, and behavioral responses associated withquorum-sensing systems in diverse bacteria. More recent studieshave focused on understanding quorum sensing in the context ofbacterial sociality. Studies of the role of quorum sensing incooperative and competitive microbial interactions have revealedhow quorum sensing coordinates interactions both within a speciesand between species. Such studies of quorum sensing as a socialbehavior have relied on the development of “synthetic ecological”models that use nonclonal bacterial populations. In this review, wediscuss some of these models and recent advances in understandinghow microbes might interact with one another using quorum sensing.The knowledge gained from these lines of investigation has thepotential to guide studies of microbial sociality in naturalsettings and the design of new medicines and therapies to treatbacterial infections.