TWO MEANS – INDEPENDENT SAMPLES

Choose a variable from the advising.sav data set to comparegroup means. While the choice of which variable to test is up toyou, you must remember that it must be a metric variable. Thegrouping variable, which is used to define the two groups to becompared, must be categorical.   You can look in the“Measure” column of the “Variable View” in the data file for helpin determining which is which. The managerial question is whetheror not there is a significant difference between the groups for themetric variable you have chosen.

Once you have the results, report your findings using the fivestep hypothesis testing procedure outlined in class. (See below.)  For Step 4, simply cut and paste the SPSS output intothe report. This can be done by clicking on the desired portion ofthe output which will then be highlighted, and then right clickingon the highlighted portion and copying it to your flash drive.(Note that you may want to drop the results into a word documentimmediately since if you do not have SPSS on your personal laptop,you will not be able to open any SPSS output.) Then state theanswer to the managerial question that was initially posed. Forexample, is there a significant difference between the two groupsdefined by the grouping variable (which you must identify in yourreport) for the metric variable tested? Also, interpret theconfidence interval provided for the test. Does it indicate asignificant difference or not?   

PAIRED SAMPLE T-TEST

Choose a pair of metric variables and run a paired sample t-teston the pair. Again, these must be metric variables. The managerialquestion will be “Is there a significant difference between the twovariables?” for the pair. Report your findings using the sameprocedure described above, including an interpretation of theconfidence interval.

REPORT(SAMPLE)

Your report will consist of two hypotheses tests, (one for theindependent sample test and one for the paired sample test). Itwill look something like this (for the independent sampletest):

1: H₀: μ₁= μ₂

H_a: μ₁ ≠ μ₂

2: Two group independent sample t-test (note that SPSS doeseverything as a t-test regardless of sample size).

3: α=.05 → t_crit = ±whatever the appropriate valueis

4

Group Statistics
	status	N	Mean	Std. Deviation	Std. Error Mean
dotest	0	185	1494.071	2249.4948	165.3861
1	50	803.280	1080.0304	152.7394

Independent Samples Test
	Levene's Test for Equality of Variances	t-test for Equality of Means
F	Sig.	t	df	Sig. (2-tailed)	Mean Difference	Std. Error Difference	95% Confidence Interval of the Difference
Lower	Upper
dotest	Equal variances assumed	13.465	.000	2.104	233	.036	690.7914	328.2585	44.0572	1337.5255
Equal variances not assumed			3.068	169.287	.003	690.7914	225.1264	246.3747	1135.2080

5: Make a decision regarding the null hypothesis and interpretthe confidence interval.

6: Answer the managerial question.

TWO RESULTS AFTER RUNNING

INDEPENDENT

Group Statistics
	Gender	N	Mean	Std. Deviation	Std. Error Mean
OverallSatisfaction	Female	131	4.97	1.771	.155
Male	145	4.99	1.488	.124

Independent Samples Test
	Levene's Test for Equality of Variances	t-test for Equality of Means
F	Sig.	t	df	Sig. (2-tailed)	Mean Difference	Std. Error Difference	95% Confidence Interval of the Difference
Lower	Upper
OverallSatisfaction	Equal variances assumed	5.905	.016	-.120	274	.904	-.024	.196	-.410	.363
Equal variances not assumed			-.119	255.054	.905	-.024	.198	-.414	.366

PAIRED

Paired Samples Statistics
	Mean	N	Std. Deviation	Std. Error Mean
Pair 1	DesiredConvenience	6.20	273	1.175	.071
ActualConvenience	4.55	273	1.636	.099

Paired Samples Correlations
	N	Correlation	Sig.
Pair 1	DesiredConvenience & ActualConvenience	273	.213	.000

Paired Samples Test
	Paired Differences	t	df	Sig. (2-tailed)
Mean	Std. Deviation	Std. Error Mean	95% Confidence Interval of the Difference
Lower	Upper
Pair 1	DesiredConvenience - ActualConvenience	1.648	1.799	.109	1.434	1.863	15.140	272	.000

PLEASE ANSWER TWO REPORTS INDEPENDENTLY ONEIS  INDEPENDENT AND THE OTHER IS PAIRED

AND PLEASE ANSWER AS SAMPLE REPORT STRUCTURE WITH 6 STEPS