The term “majlis” refers to:

The Turkish constitution.

The first Iranian parliament.

The first Iranian constitution.

The first Turkish parliament.

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Question 22 pts

Which of these statements is true aboutPalestine in the 19thcentury?

Its indigenous Jewish community numbered in the millions.

It was ruled by the Ottomans.

Its population was equally divided between Muslims, Jews, andChristians.

It acquired its independence from the British.

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Question 31 pts

The Zionist movement primarily desired to :

stop the persecution of Jews in England.

fight against the Ottoman Turks.

otrepresent European Jewish interests at the League ofNations.

create a Jewish homeland in Palestine.

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Question 41 pts

The CPU and its Young Turks sided withGermany in WWI for the followingreasons except:

Germany had recently defeated the French.

In the Armenians, they had found a common enemy.

Germany was the mightiest industrial power in Europe.

Germans and the Young Turks shared a similar conception ofnationalism.

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Question 51 pts

The Balfour Declaration of 1917 promised thatPalestine would:

become a homeland for immigrant Jews.

remain a British protectorate indefinitely.

be partitioned into distinct Arab and Jewish zones.

continue as a homeland to the resident Arab Muslims.

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Question 61 pts

What was the \"Mandate System\"?

Colonies were incorporated into various nations with the rightsand liabilities of ordinary citizens.

None of the answers is applicable.

European colonial rulers administered non-European territoriesbut were only held accountable to the League of Nations.

The League of Nations members divided a percentage of wealthgenerated by all colonies.

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Question 71 pts

In 1923, Mustafa Kemal transformed Turkeyinto:

A socialist state.

An Islamic State

A secular state.

A Caliphate.

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Question 81 pts

The Sykes-Picot Agreement ignored thenationalistic feelings of the...

Arab people.

Iranian people.

Eastern Europeans.

Turkish people.

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Question 91 pts

One could speak of British foreign policy inthe late 19th and early 20thcenturies as manipulativebecause...

The promised the same territory to the Hashimites, the Saudis,and the Zionists.

They fooled the last ottoman sultan into believing that if theysided with the British against the Russians, the British willassist them with massive modernization of the empire'seconomy.

All of the answers are applicable.

The encouraged the Egyptian khedive to invest in the cottonindustry, only to watch the economy collapse after the end of theAmerican civil war.

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Question 101 pts

Which of these Arabic dynastic families helpedthe British empire by leading therevolt against the Ottomans, andwere eventually rewarded with territories?

The Saudis

The Pahlavis

The Hashimites

The Hashimites and the Saudis

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Question 111 pts

In theory, the purpose of the League ofNations in Middle Eastern affairs wasto...

Pursue legal actions against the CPU for their involvement inthe Armenian genocide.

Implement the Sykes-Picot agreement.

Mediate between the Hashimites and Saudis over theircompetition over the control of the Arabian Peninsula.

Empower Arabs to seek independence from European colonialpowers.

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Question 121 pts

In the face of European imperialist domination, secularmodernists reforms in the Egypt, Turkey, Iran, andAfghanistan acquired most popular because...

Wahhabis were mainly concerned with Muslims' moraldecadence.

all of the answers are applicable.

they were most coherent in defining the nationalist ambitionsof their people.

of the strength of its industrialization projects.

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Question 131 pts

Hassan El Banna and his MuslimBrotherhood organization were originally influenced bywhich of these 19th century Muslim reformists?

Mustafa Kemal.

Sayyid Jamaluddin-i-Afghani.

Ahmad of Aligarh.

Abdul Wahab.

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Question 141 pts

Which of these terms does not refer to thecontext of European Jewishambitions to establish a homeland inPalestine?

Aliyah.

Tanzimat.

Antisemitism.

Zionism.

Question 15

Which of these Muslim territories did not givecheap concessions to Westernbusiness interests to exploit their newly-discoveredoil resources?

Turkey.

Iraq.

Iran.

Saudi Arabia.

Question 16

Match the terms in the left side with its appropriate definitionin the right side

Ayatollah Khomeini

      [ Choose ]           Leader of the Muslim Brotherhood inEgypt, Hanged by the then president Nasser.           First democratically electedIranian prime minister           Iranian Shia Islamist revolutionary           Lebanese Shiamilitant/political group.           Former Iranian Monarch and dictator.                  

Mohammed Reza Pahlavi

      [ Choose ]           Leader of the Muslim Brotherhood inEgypt, Hanged by the then president Nasser.           First democratically electedIranian prime minister           Iranian Shia Islamist revolutionary           Lebanese Shiamilitant/political group.           Former Iranian Monarch and dictator.                  

Mosaddeq

      [ Choose ]           Leader of the Muslim Brotherhood inEgypt, Hanged by the then president Nasser.           First democratically electedIranian prime minister           Iranian Shia Islamist revolutionary           Lebanese Shiamilitant/political group.           Former Iranian Monarch and dictator.                  

Sayyid Qutb

      [ Choose ]           Leader of the Muslim Brotherhood inEgypt, Hanged by the then president Nasser.           First democratically electedIranian prime minister           Iranian Shia Islamist revolutionary           Lebanese Shiamilitant/political group.           Former Iranian Monarch and dictator.                  

Hezbollah

      [ Choose ]           Leader of the Muslim Brotherhood inEgypt, Hanged by the then president Nasser.           First democratically electedIranian prime minister           Iranian Shia Islamist revolutionary           Lebanese Shiamilitant/political group.           Former Iranian Monarch and dictator.                  

Choose from

Leader of the Muslim Brotherhood in Egypt, Hanged by the thenpresident Nasser.  

First democratically elected Iranian prime minister          

Iranian Shia Islamist revolutionary          

Lebanese Shia militant/political group.          

Former Iranian Monarch and dictator.                  

Question 17

One similarity in the leadership between KemalAtaturk, Gamal Nasser, and ShahReza Pahlavi, is that all these leaders...

sought to modernize their newly founded nations states.

led invasions into Israel.

encouraged their people to exhibit their Islamic identities inthe public space.

came to power as a result of democratic elections.

Question 18

Gamel Abdel Nasser was...

an advocate of fundamentalist Islam.

a Turkish secular leader.

a pan-Arabist, secular, nationalist leader.

a loyal ally of the United States.

Question 191

Which of these factors best explain the reasonsbehind the 1978 revolution inIran:

Nationalization of industries and government interference innational politics.

Corruption, repression, and nationalization of petroleum.

Worldwide isolation in foreign affairs and corruption.

Political corruption, religious dissatisfaction, andprivatization of petroleum.

Question 20

The Middle East is important to the UnitedStates for the following reasons:

Petroleum and cheap labor.

Petroleum resources and strategic location.

Petroleum and agricultural resources.

Petroleum and industrial wealth.

Question 21

The Iraqi invasion of Kuwait led to:

The end of the Saudi dynastic rule in the ArabianPeninsula.

The collapse of Saddam Hussein's regime.

Closer U.S.-Iraqi relations.

1991 Gulf War.

Question 22

The long Iran-Iraq war resulted in:

A large scale Iranian occupation of northern Iraq.

An Iranian victory.

An Iraqi victory.

Countless deaths and severe economic strain on both Iran andIraq.

Question 23

In your opinion, what was the reason for thesuccess of the Iranian Revolution thatbrought downthe rule of the dictator Shah RezaPahlavi in in 1979?

The Soviet support to the Shia conservative clerics

The diversity of political and religious opposition groupsagainst the tyranny of the Shah.

All of the answers are applicable.

the masses' discontent with the rigidity of the Shia doctrineas interpreted by Khomeini.

Question 24

Which of these could be considered the most importantachievement of secular modernistsin Egypt?

Defeating Israel in the 1967 War.

Defeating Israel in the 1973 War.

Prevailing over the mounting danger of the MuslimBrotherhood.

Regaining control of the Suez Canal

Question 25

The main course of the Arab-Israeli conflictsfrom 1948 to 1973 was the clashbetween...

Israeli technology and Saudi economic wealth.

Islamic fundamentalism and Orthodox Judaism.

Arab nationalism and Jewish nationalism.

Arab Socialism and Israeli capitalism.

Question 26

As explained in details in chapter 14, in orderfor an invention to take off and engenderprogress, certain social and culturalconditions need to be met. Based on your close reading ofthe chapter, explain how Ottoman society in the18th and 19th centuries lack these social preconditions ofindustrialization?

Question 27

How do you explain the rise of the secularmodernist reformists in the Middle East during thepost-World War II era? How did they attempt toliberate their countries from Western imperialdomination? What were the domestic and foreignchallenges to the implementation of their reforms?

Question 28

What's at the source of the Palestinian-Israeliconflict? Elaborate on the Arab andZionistnationalistarguments...

Question 29

How far back can you trace the U.S. involvement in theMiddle East? What explains U.S. interest in this region?Do you feel like through its involvement, did the U.S. uphold orbetray its principles of promoting freedom and democracy in theMiddle East?

Question 30

Which one of these wars was not a directconfrontation between Israel and the Arabnations?

Sinai War (1998)

Yom Kippur War (1973)

Israeli War of Independence (1947-49)

Six Day War (1967)