The manufacturer of hardness testing equipment uses​ steel-ball indenters to penetrate metal that is being tested.​...

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The manufacturer of hardness testing equipment uses​ steel-ballindenters to penetrate metal that is being tested.​ However, themanufacturer thinks it would be better to use a diamond indenter sothat all types of metal can be tested. Because of differencesbetween the two types of​ indenters, it is suspected that the twomethods will produce different hardness readings. The metalspecimens to be tested are large enough so that two indentions canbe made.​ Therefore, the manufacturer uses both indenters on eachspecimen and compares the hardness readings. Construct a​ 95%confidence interval to judge whether the two indenters result indifferent measurements.

​Note: A normal probability plot and boxplot of the dataindicate that the differences are approximately normallydistributed with no outliers.

Specimen   Steel ball   Diamond
1   51   53
2   57   55
3   61   63
4   71   74
5   68   69
6   54   55
7   65   68
8   51   51
9   53   56

Construct a​ 95% confidence interval to judge whether the twoindenters result in different​ measurements, where the differencesare computed as​ 'diamond minus steel​ ball'.

The lower bound is __?__ .

The upper bound is __?__. ​

(Round to the nearest tenth as​ needed.)

Answer & Explanation Solved by verified expert
4.0 Ratings (427 Votes)

paired t test

Sample #1 Sample #2 difference , Di =sample1-sample2 (Di - Dbar)²
53 51 2 0.31
55 57 -2 11.86
63 61 2 0.31
74 71 3 2.42
69 68 1 0.20
55 54 1 0.20
68 65 3 2.42
51 51 0 2.09
56 53 3 2.42
sample 1 sample 2 Di (Di - Dbar)²
sum = 544 531 13 22.222

mean of difference ,    D̅ =ΣDi / n =   1.444
std dev of difference , Sd =    √ [ (Di-Dbar)²/(n-1) =    1.667

sample size ,    n =    9          
Degree of freedom, DF=   n - 1 =    8   and α =    0.05  
t-critical value =    t α/2,df =    2.3060   [excel function: =t.inv.2t(α/2,df) ]      
                  
std dev of difference , Sd =    √

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