Study Questions (Quiz 3) 1. Discuss how infectious and noninfectious diseases relate to communicable and noncommunicable dis eases...

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Biology

Study Questions (Quiz 3)
1. Discuss how infectious and noninfectious diseases relate tocommunicable and noncommunicable dis
eases and conditions.
2. List and explain the different general classifications ofdiseases.
3. Classifications were given of major infectious diseases.
List the five modes of transmission and provide examples.
4. List the three general sources of infectious diseases andprovide examples,
5. How do incubation periods differ from latency periods?
6. Choose five infectious diseases and identify the typicalincubation periods for these diseases.
7. Explain the concept of notifiable diseases.
8. Explain and discuss herd immunity.
9. What role does increasing life expectancy over the lastcentury have on the types of diseases and
conditions affecting mankind?
10. Describe how the age-adjusted percent distribution oflimitation due to one or more chronic
conditions is influenced by race/ethnicity and poverty in theUnited States, 2012 (see Figure 3-7).
11. Describe how the age-adjusted percent distribution oflimitation in work activity due to health
problems among persons aged 18-69 is influenced by race/ ethnicityand poverty in the United States,
2012 (see Figure 3-8).

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1 Infectious diseases Infectious diseases are the diseases caused by microorganisms like bacteria virus fungi and protozoa They are spread from one person to another through agents like contaminated air food water vectors etc are called as communicable diseases Noninfectious diseases Noninfectious diseases are the diseases caused by genetic abnormalities malfunctioning of organs environmental factors etc They do not spread from one person to another and are called as noncommunicable diseases 2 The most widely used classifications of disease are 1 topographic by bodily region or system 2 anatomic by organ or tissue 3 physiological by function or effect 4 pathological by the nature of the disease process 5 etiologic causal 6 juristic by speed of advent of death 7 epidemiological and 8 statistical Any single disease may fall within several of these classifications In the topographic classification diseases are subdivided into such categories as gastrointestinal disease vascular disease abdominal disease and chest disease Various specializations within medicine follow such topographic or systemic divisions so that there are physicians who are essentially vascular surgeons for example or clinicians who are specialized in gastrointestinal disease Similarly some physicians have become specialized in chest disease and concentrate principally on diseases of the heart and lungs In the anatomic classification disease is categorized by the specific organ or tissue affected hence heart disease liver disease and lung disease Medical specialties such as cardiology are restricted to diseases of a single organ in this case the heart Such a classification has its greatest use in identifying the various kinds of disease that affect a particular organ The heart is a good example to consider By the segregation of cardiac disease it has been made apparent that heart disease is now the most important cause of death in the United States and in most other industrialized nations Moreover it has become apparent that disease caused by atherosclerosis of the coronary arteries is by far the most important form of heart disease In making a diagnosis of cardiac disease in an elderly patient the cardiologist must first determine whether this disease of the coronary See Answer

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