Speech is the most common and effective means of communication, but various forms of nonverbal communication...

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Psychology

Speech is the most common and effective means of communication, butvarious forms of nonverbal communication are also important. Pleaselist them, and to what extent and under what circumstances do thelatter substitute for speech and to what extent do they complementspeech?

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Nonverbal communication NVC between people is communication through sending and receiving wordless clues It includes the use of visual cues such as body language kinesics distance proxemics and physical environmentsappearance of voice paralanguage and of touch haptics 1 Facial Expressions Facial expressions are responsible for a huge proportion of nonverbal communication Consider how much information can be conveyed with a smile or a frown The look on a persons face is often the first thing we see even before we hear what they have to say While nonverbal communication and behavior can vary dramatically between cultures the facial expressions for happiness sadness anger and fear are similar throughout the world 2 Gestures Deliberate movements and signals are an important way to communicate meaning without words Common gestures include waving pointing and using fingers to indicate numeric amounts Other gestures are arbitrary and related to culture In courtroom settings lawyers have been known to utilize different nonverbal signals to attempt to sway juror opinions An attorney might glance at his watch to suggest that the opposing lawyers argument is tedious or might even roll his eyes at the testimony offered by a witness in an attempt to undermine his or her credibility These nonverbal signals are seen as being so powerful and influential that some judges even place limits on what type of nonverbal behaviors are allowed in the courtroom 3 Paralinguistics Paralinguistics refers to vocal communication that is separate from actual language This includes factors such as tone of voice loudness inflection and pitch Consider the powerful effect that tone of voice can have on the meaning of a sentence When said in a strong tone of voice listeners might interpret approval and enthusiasm The same words said in a hesitant tone of voice See Answer

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