Scenario: Imagine you are a researcher who is interested instudying whether sleep deprivation leads to increased reactiontimes (i.e., being slower) when driving. You randomly select asample of 30 licensed drivers. Fifteen participants are randomlyassigned to get 5 hours of sleep for three consecutive nights. Theother 15 participants are randomly assigned to get 8 hours of sleepfor three consecutive nights. For the purposes of this Assignment,assume that all participants sleep exactly the required amounts.After the third night, all participants take a driving simulationtest that measures their reaction times.

Use SPSS to determine if amount of sleep is related to reactiontime.

1. Explain whether the researcher should use anindependent-samples t-test or a related-samples t-test for thisscenario. Provide a rationale for your decision.
2. Identify the independent variable and dependent variable.
3. Knowing the researcher believes that people who sleep less willhave slower reaction times, state the null hypothesis and alternatehypothesis in words (not formulas).
4. Explain whether the researcher should use a one-tailed test ortwo-tailed test and why.
5. Identify the obtained t value for this data set using SPSS andreport it in your answer document.
6. State the degrees of freedom and explain how you calculated itby hand.
7. Identify the p value using SPSS and report it in your answerdocument.
8. Explain whether the researcher should retain or reject the nullhypothesis. Provide a rationale for your decision. Are the resultsstatistically significant?
9. Explain what the researcher can conclude about the relationshipbetween amount of sleep and reaction times.

Data:

Reaction times in seconds for participants with 5 hours ofsleep
0.22
0.25
0.27
0.25
0.24
0.28
0.24
0.3
0.25
0.21
0.28
0.23
0.29
0.25
0.29

Reaction times in seconds for participants with 8 hours ofsleep
0.21
0.23
0.2
0.24
0.28
0.23
0.3
0.29
0.23
0.21
0.21
0.27
0.29
0.23
0.25