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Scenario 1 A group of researchers has recently collected data toinvestigate whether or not different kinds of performance feedbackinfluences flow (a state of intense task absorption). Inparticular, they are interested in testing whether or not flowdiffers when participants are given feedback that is eitherpositive or negative. The researchers have computed descriptivestatistics, but are asking you to test the difference betweengroups. Positive Feedback: n = 30, M = 3.64, s = 0.40 NegativeFeedback: n = 31, M = 3.21, s = 0.35

Identify the IV (and its levels) and the DV, and conduct ahypothesis test (including all steps) using the appropriate t-test(α = 0.05).

Scenario 2 A speech therapist developed a new technique forresolving stuttering in children and adolescents that involves useof a distractor to reduce speech-related anxiety. He recruited 8current clients of his clinic to participate in a simple study.Each participant’s speech was assessed without the technique(pre-test control) and again while using the technique (post-test).The number of stutters were counted in each assessment, and thedata are reported below. Does the therapist’s new technique appearto be working?

Identify the IV (and its levels) and the DV, and conduct ahypothesis test (including all steps) using the appropriate t-test(α = 0.01). Client 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Pre-test 4 6 4 7 7 3 3 4Post-test 4 5 5 4 2 2 3 1