Research in cell biology and metabolism has progressed due to the discovery of molecules that artificially...

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Biology

Research in cell biology and metabolism has progressed due tothe discovery of molecules that artificially stimulate or inhibitglucagon/epinephrine and insulin signaling pathways. Letâ€™s say youare working in a lab cataloging the effects of a library of smallmolecules on these pathways and have a â€œhitâ€ on molecule 1stAVNGR.Preliminary data on molecule 1stAVNGR indicates that the cardiacisoform of PFK2/FBPase2 is doubly phosphorylated when this moleculeis present at micromolar concentrations in cell cultures. Giventhis context answer the following questions.
a. Under these conditions what is the predicted degree ofassociation between the regulatory subunits and the catalyticsubunits of PKA?
b. Further investigation of molecule 1stAVNGR indicates elevatedlevels of cAMP within the cell despite the absence of epinephrineor glucagon. Hypothesize two possible explanations for thisdata.
c. When cell cultures are given both molecule 1stAVNGR andmolecule RedSKLL (a G-protein inhibitor) cAMP levels remain high(again despite the absence of epinephrine or glucagon). Given thisnew information hypothesize a possible explanation for thedata.

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4.1 Ratings (890 Votes)

Hi The signal cascade events during activation of G proteins by glucagon or epinephrine are as follows activation of Gproteins increase in cAMP activation of PKA phosphorylation of PFK2 activates enzymes to either convert glycogen to glucose or visa See Answer

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