Regarding motivation for studying, the results were as expected.Self-oriented perfectionism showed positive correlations withautonomous reasons for studying (intrinsic reasons and extrinsicreasons), and socially prescribed perfectionism showed positivecorrelations with controlled reasons (introjected reasons andextrinsic reasons). Whereas self-oriented perfectionism also showeda positive bivariate correlation with introjected reasons, thiscorrelation became non-significant when partial correlations wereregarded and the overlap between self-oriented and sociallyprescribed perfectionism was controlled for (see Table 2).Moreover, socially prescribed perfectionism showed a significantnegative correlation with intrinsic reasons when the overlap withself-oriented perfectionism was controlled for.
Regarding test anxiety, the results were largely as expected.Socially prescribed perfectionism showed positive correlations withtotal anxiety in both the bivariate and the partial correlations(see Table 2). Moreover, it showed positive correlations withinterference and with lack of confidence in all correlations. Incontrast, self-oriented perfectionism showed negative correlationswith interference and with lack of confidence, but positivecorrelations with worry. As expected, the finding confirmed thatself-oriented perfectionism is an ambivalent form of perfectionismas it was associated with both higher anxiety (worry) and loweranxiety (interference, lack of confidence) in exams. Unexpectedly,socially prescribed perfectionism showed no significant correlationwith worry, and self-oriented perfectionism showed no significantcorrelation with total anxiety. Moreover, neither form ofperfectionism showed any significant correlations withemotionality.
What kind of study design is this (experimental orcorrelational)?
If experimental, what is the independent variable?
If experimental, what is the dependent variable?
What kind of statistical test did the author run, and how do youknow the used this test?
What do you think the null and alternative hypotheses are inthis study? You might have to guess, but make them educatedguesses!
