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In The Age Of Legalization, Talking To Kids About Marijuana GetsTougher Anna Gorman Nov. 10, 2017 KHN Kaiser Health News
After Yarly Raygoza attended a drug prevention program at the Boys& Girls Club in Westminster, Calif., last year, she used whatshe learned to talk a few friends out of using marijuana. The14-year-old took the class again this year but worries thatcounseling her friends will become more difficult. Medicalmarijuana has been legal in California for more than 20 years, butexperts say a new law on recreational marijuana could prompt moreyouths to believe that the drug is safe. The legalization ofrecreational marijuana for adults in California and other statesmakes things harder for youth-oriented drug education andprevention programs. Teachers are trying to explain the risks ofmarijuana just as stores are preparing to open and marketers areplanning campaigns. Last November, voters approved Proposition 64,the Adult Use of Marijuana Act, making California one of eightstates—plus the District of Columbia—to legalize the drug forrecreational use. The measure immediately made it legal for those21 and older to possess up to 1 ounce, or about 28.5 grams, ofcannabis. It delayed legal pot sales by licensed stores untilJanuary 2018. Recreational marijuana is now legal for adults inCalifornia, which could bring a massive boom in drug sales andadvertising when stores can begin selling the drug without aprescription in January. But it's bringing a new challenge, too.Raygoza believes that as more people 21 and older use marijuanalegally, teenagers will have trouble understanding that theyshouldn't use it. Teens may also have easier access to the drug asrecreational pot shops start to open, on top of the alreadyplentiful medical marijuana shops sprinkled throughout the state,she says. \"Now that there are so many shops ... kids have a betterchance of getting their hands on it,\" she says. \"And having adiscussion with them like this could be a little harder.\" \"That isan unintended consequence of legalization,\" says Pam Luna, aconsultant with the Rand Corporation, a nonpartisan researchorganization. \"They think that if it's legal, it must be OK.\" Luna,who trains teachers on drug prevention education, said legalizationhas also prompted questions and confusion among young people. Theymay be getting misinformation—and peer pressure—through socialmedia, she says. While evidence shows that medical marijuana canhelp ease chronic pain and other conditions, use of the drug islinked to poor respiratory health and increased car accidents.Among adolescents, marijuana use can have negative effects on theircognitive and mental health. Recent studies show that teens who usemarijuana frequently exhibit lower cognitive performance and brainfunction than those who don't. They also perform worse in school.Despite that, teen perception of the harms of marijuana has droppedover time and many think it's safer than alcohol, according toElizabeth D’Amico, a senior behavioral scientist at Rand.Currently, more than half of 10th- and 12thgraders believe thatsmoking marijuana isn't dangerous, according to a recent Randreport.
Adolescents in states with legal medical marijuana are less likelyto believe the drug is harmful, research shows. \"The changing legallandscape has a lot to do with adolescents' changing perceptions,\"D'Amico says. \"That's why we really need to change the conversationaround this drug.\" That conversation should remind young peopleabout the drug's potential harms and that recreational marijuana inCalifornia is still illegal for those under 21, she says. D'Amicorecently made a video for parents about how to talk to kids aboutmarijuana. The California State Department of Public Healthrecently unveiled a website called \"Let's Talk Cannabis\" to explainthe law. Underage users will have to complete community service andundergo drug education or counseling if they are caught smoking,buying or possessing marijuana, the website says. Advertising isanother factor that may complicate drug prevention education foryoung people, says Stanton Glantz, a professor at the University ofCalifornia—San Francisco School of Medicine University who focuseson tobacco, e-cigarette and marijuana issues. Exposure to marijuanaadvertising is associated with a higher likelihood of usingmarijuana one year later, according to research. \"It's justeverywhere now, and the market hasn't been fully opened,\" he says.\"It's the same thing as alcohol and cigarette advertising. It isall directed at normalizing it and presenting it as a fun thing todo.\" D'Amico says she and her children see the ongoing changes neartheir house in the San Fernando Valley, California. \"It justcreates a conversation pretty much every day because a newbillboard pops up on our way to school,\" she says. To providemiddle school students with up-to-date information about alcohol,marijuana and smoking, D'Amico developed a voluntary program calledProject CHOICE, which is used by after-school programs like theBoys & Girls Club. In five sessions, participants role-play anddiscuss how to make healthful choices. They also talk about thepros and cons of marijuana and the differences between medical andrecreational use. During the first session at the Boys & GirlsClub of Westminster, California, recently, facilitator JeovanDavila asked the group of students what percentage ofeighth-graders they believed used marijuana over the past 30 days.The guesses ranged from 10 percent to 60 percent. When Davila toldthem the correct answer was about 7 percent, the group lookedsurprised. Davila said he doesn't lecture teens about what's rightand wrong. Rather, he gives them facts to help them make their owndecisions in the future. For example, if they know that most oftheir peers don't use marijuana, perhaps they will be less likelyto use it. With the legalization of marijuana and the discussion onsocial media, Davila has seen young people talking about the drugmore. During the class, some said teens might want to use becausethey see their family members using marijuana legally. \"The kids dobring it up,\" he says. \"We've just got to be ready, letting themknow the facts.\"
What is the overall main idea of Anna Gorman's article “In TheAge Of Legalization, Talking To Kids About Marijuana Gets Tougherâ€(2017)?
| Teenagers in states where cannabis use has been legalizedunderstand the facts about marijuana, including the health risksand dangers. |
| In states where marijuana use is legalized are often unaware ofthe disadvantages of using cannabis, especially for them asadolescents. |
| Fewer teens smoke pot in states where marijuana is a Schedule 1illegal drug. |
| More adolescents smoke pot in states where marijuana is aSchedule 1 illegal drug. |
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Question 21 pts
Who is NOT a person whom writer Anna Gorman quotes andparaphrases to support her main point that teenagers in stateswhere recreational marijuana is legal are confused and misinformedabout the harms of using cannabis?
| 14-year-old Yarly Raygoza |
| Rand Corporation consultant Pam Luna |
| Rand Corporation behavioral scientist and mother ElizabethD'Amico |
| University of California--San Francisco School of Medicineprofessor Stanton Glantz |
| Boys & Girls Club facilitator Jeovan Davila |
| Kaiser Health News journalist Anna Gorman |
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Question 31 pts
How many expert authorities does use Gorman for evidence tosupport the main idea that many adolescents are confused andmisinformed about cannabis?
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Question 41 pts
According to 14-year-old Yarly Raygoza, what is NOT one of thechallenges she and other teenagers face in places where adults over21 can legally use cannabis?
| Adolescents may fail to realize that they should not usepot. |
| Teens may more easily have access to marijuana since many shopssell it to adults. |
| It will be more difficult to talk about the dangers of cannabiswith her peers. |
| Teenagers who smoke pot, thus breaking the law, won't be happyabout penalties such as community service and drug counseling oreducation. |
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Question 51 pts
According to Rand Corporation consultant Pam Luna, what is theunintended consequence of legalizing marijuana for adults aged 21and older?
| Teenagers may think using cannabis is okay because it islegal. |
| Teens who break the law and smoke pot will have to pay fortheir crime by doing community service and undergoing drugeducation or counseling. |
| Adolescents will realize that smoking or consuming pot willnegatively affect their school performance. |
| Luna believes that there are no unintended consequences oflegalizing marijuana. |
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Question 61 pts
Gorman acknowledges that there is evidence for at least onepositive reason to use cannabis.  Which benefit does shemention?
| Marijuana improves breathing problems and reduces caraccidents. |
| Medical marijuana helps reduce pain for people who suffer fromsome diseases and ailments. |
| Smoking \"weed\" helps teen and adult users relax and feel\"high.\" |
| Recreational cannabis reduces the incidence of cigarettesmoking and alcohol abuse. |
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Question 71 pts
Which expert or authority does Gorman cite (mention) regardingthe fact that some teenagers perceive cannabis as safer thanalcohol?
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Question 81 pts
Professor Stanton Glantz from the University of California--SanFrancisco School of Medicine contends that marijuanaadvertisingpromotes a specific message. What is that advertisingmessage?
| Using cannabis is normal and fun, just like smoking cigarettesand drinking alcohol. |
| Smoking cigarettes and drinking alcohol is less dangerous thanusing marijuana. |
| Drinking alcohol and smoking cigarettes is more dangerous thanconsuming cannabis. |
| Using marijuana is as dangerous as smoking cigarettes anddrinking alcohol. |
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Question 91 pts
How does Gorman conclude her article about the challenge ofdiscussing marijuana with adolescents?
| Teens need to know the facts and up-to-date researchinformation about the risks of cannabis use. |
| Parents and teachers shouldn't worry about talking to teensabout the facts of using cannabis; they'll figure it out on theirown. |
| Adolescents are not intelligent enough to make healthy choicesabout smoking pot. |
| Adults who use marijuana legally are setting a good example foradolescents. |
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Question 101 pts
Which of the following is the best topicsentence for a one-paragraph summary of Gorman'sarticle?
| The KHN Kaiser Health News article “In The Age OfLegalization, Talking To Kids About Marijuana Gets Tougherâ€explores the effects on teenagers, parents and drug educators oflegalizing recreational marijuana for adults 21 and older inCalifornia. |
| “In The Age Of Legalization, Talking To Kids About MarijuanaGets Tougher†is an interesting article written by Anna Gorman forKHN Kaiser Health News(2017). |
| The main point of the article “In The Age Of Legalization,Talking To Kids About Marijuana Gets Tougher\" is how legal cannabisin California has made it very challenging for teenagers, parentsand drug educators to discuss the issue. |
| In her article “In The Age Of Legalization, Talking To KidsAbout Marijuana Gets Tougher,†Anna Gorman (2017) examines theeffects on teenagers, parents and drug educators of legalizingrecreational marijuana for adults 21 and older in California. |
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Question 111 pts
A common persuasion technique that writers useto convince readers that they are credible(truthful, believable) is ethical appeal to authority(ethos). Review Sean Williams' article\"Three Arguments for Legalizing Marijuana\" (2017) and compare it toAnna Gorman's article. Which writer uses the ethosrhetorical strategy of presenting evidence based onquotations from experts or those with knowledgeable or professionalexperience?
| Neither Williams nor Gorman |
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Question 121 pts
Another rhetorical strategy that writers use topersuade readers of their credibility and authority is an appeal tological reasoning (logos).Logic is often supported by the use offacts, statistics and data. Which writer, Williamsor Gorman, presents more statistics and numbers as persuasiveevidence for his or her logical argument(logos)?
| Neither Gorman nor Williams |
