Questions: Based on the situation described, answer thefollowing question.

• One condition makes the bystander effect impossible.What is that condition, what text provides evidence of it, and forwhich person does it occur?

Class Notes:

Jesse and Geoff are taking a course like this, only it ison-campus with lectures and at a university in a large metropolitanarea. Both know that in the middle of the semester, they will haveto be gone for two weeks (one for vacation, one for work). Theywill need help from someone in the class during that time, at leastto get copies of lecture notes. Geoff may also need someone to helpexplain the material to him.

At the end of the first day of class, as students areintroducing themselves before the final bell, one student mentionsshe needs a ride home that night and another student immediatelyvolunteers to drive her. When it is his turn, Jesse announces tothe class of 50 students that he needs to borrow notes for materialthat he will have to miss when he has to be gone two weeks in themiddle of the semester for a job commitment he cannot reschedule.There is an awkward silence. Then, people continue introducingthemselves in hopes of finishing before the end of class. Jessedidn’t explicitly ask for an answer then, but he and many othersfelt it was very awkward.

Geoff also had to miss some days of class. However, he waited toask for help until a few weeks into the semester. He was talkingalone during a class break to Mark, a friend he had made. Theyoften talked and sat near one another, they both were from the samehigh school, and they were both business majors. Just the weekbefore, the teacher had asked Mark a tough question in class, andMark clearly got embarrassed because he didn't know the answer.Geoff spoke up, answering the question and diverting attention tohimself. Tonight, as they chatted during break, Geoff told Markthat was going on vacation the next two weeks up until just beforethe big test. He then asked if he could borrow Mark's class noteswhen he returned. He also said that he doesn’t understand thematerial well and asked Mark if he could go over the notes with himwhen he returned. Mark reluctantly said, \"Sure, I'll help.\"