QUESTION 14

Leber’s hereditary optic neuropathy is a condition that leads toblindness. It results due to a lack of chemical energy (ATP) incertain cells of the eye. Based on your knowledge, the organelleresponsible for this disease is the _______________.

	A.	cell membrane
	B.	mitochondria
	C.	ribosome
	D.	cytoplasm

  

QUESTION 15

A man has a sister and a mother with albinism, an autosomalrecessive disorder. The man (who is not ablino) has a child with ahomozygous dominant (normal) woman. The chance that their childdoes NOT have the disease is _________.

	A.	0%
	B.	25%
	C.	50%
	D.	75%
	E.	100%

  

QUESTION 16

If an individual expresses a dominant disease, which of thefollowing is true?

		All of his children will always inherit the disease.
		He will pass this disease to all of his daughters.
		There is at least a 50% probability that his children willinherit the disease.
		There is a 100% possibility that his sons will inherit thisdisease.

  

QUESTION 17

Freckling is a dominant characteristic. Which of the followingcrosses can produce individuals that exhibit a recessivephenotype?

	A.	Ff X FF
	B.	FF X ff
	C.	FF X Ff
	D.	Ff X Ff

  

QUESTION 18

If a true-breeding tall pea plant is crossed with a tall peaplant of unknown parentage. Which of the following is correct?

		All of the offspring (F1) will be short.
		Over several generations, no short individuals will appear.
		Some short individuals may appear in the F2 generation.
		Some of the F1 generation will be short.

  

QUESTION 19

If a heterozygous dominant tall pea plant is crossed with ashort pea plant, what is the expected phenotypic ratio oftall:short plants?

		1:1
		1:2
		3:1
		all tall

  

QUESTION 20

Some cats are white, which is a dominant trait (W allele). Othercats are not white (they can be any other color). This isrecessive. Which of the following is a black cat?

	A.	B-
	B.	BW
	C.	ww
	D.	W-

  

QUESTION 21

Morgan buys a male python from a snake dealer who tells him thatthe snake carries the albino allele. What is the most effective wayfor Morgan verify this statement?

		Breed the snake with a heterozygous female.
		Breed the snake with a homozygous normal female.
		Breed the snake with a female sibling.
		Breed the snake with a homozygous recessive albino female.

  

QUESTION 22

In a monohybrid cross, how many traits are examined?

		1
		2
		3
		4

  

QUESTION 23

In a one-trait test cross, the phenotype that disappears in theF1 generation is the -

		dominant trait.
		negative trait.
		recessive trait.
		heterozygote.

  

QUESTION 24

Allele is defined as _________________.

	A.	a recessive trait
	B.	a dominant trait
	C.	an alternate form of a gene
	D.	two genes that have identical traits

  

QUESTION 25

A cow with black and white patches is produced from a white bulland a black cow. This is an example of -

		incomplete dominance.
		codominance.
		dominance/recessive trait.
		polygenic.

  

QUESTION 26

Recessive phenotypes are \"recessive\" because____________________.

	A.	people with these traits are easily dominated by otherpeople
	B.	\"recessive\" refers to the fact that a lower case letter is usedto represent the allele
	C.	an individual must possess two recessive alleles to exhibit therecessive phenotype
	D.	the allele is deeply recessed within the gene on thechromosome

  

QUESTION 27

Sickle cell disease is caused by a single mutation in the DNA ofa particular gene. A person with this disease has red blood cellsthat lose their original donut shape and form a sickle shape.People with this disorder suffer from low energy levels, bloodclots, and strokes. This is an example of -

		a multifactorial trait.
		polygenic inheritance.
		pleiotropy.
		codominance.

  

QUESTION 28

If both parents express a particular trait, but their child doesnot, what does this indicate about the trait?

		The trait is sex-linked dominant.
		The trait is sex-linked recessive.
		The trait is an autosomal recessive trait.
		The trait is an autosomal dominant trait.

  

QUESTION 29

A male is always homozygous for a trait that is -

		codominant.
		X-linked.
		autosomal.
		dominant.

  

QUESTION 30

Polydactyly (many digits) is a dominant condition. A person whohas the genotype Pp will exhibit __________.

	A.	no fingers
	B.	5 fingers on each hand
	C.	2.5 fingers on each hand
	D.	more than 5 fingers on a hand

  

QUESTION 31

\"Phenotype\" is another word for _____________.

	A.	appearance
	B.	behavior
	C.	DNA
	D.	allele

  

QUESTION 32

A small segment of DNA that contains the specific code for aspecific trait is known as a(n) _____________.

	A.	organism
	B.	genotype
	C.	chromosome
	D.	gene

  

QUESTION 33

Which of the following would not be a viable (alive)offspring?

	A.	XO
	B.	YO
	C.	XXY
	D.	A and B

  

QUESTION 34

Which of the following human syndromes is a monosomy?

	A.	Turner syndrome
	B.	Klinefelter syndrome
	C.	Down syndrome
	D.	Swyer syndrome

  

QUESTION 35

A genetic profile includes -

		the location of all known genes in the human genome.
		the entire base sequence of an individual's genome.
		all of an individual's normal genes.
		an individual's complete genotype, including mutations.

  

QUESTION 36

Preimplantation diagnosis is performed on _______________.

	A.	a sperm or egg from a person with fertility problems
	B.	a woman before she attempts pregnancy
	C.	a fetus, prior to birth
	D.	an early , 8 celled, embryo

  

QUESTION 37

In hemoglobin, the shift from glutamic acid to valine isconsidered what type of mutation?

		point mutation
		frameshift mutation
		deletion
		duplication

  

QUESTION 38

The technique of ultrasound provides a picture of the_____________________.

	A.	genes
	B.	mother
	C.	chromosomes
	D.	fetus

  

QUESTION 39

Inversions are chromosomal mutations that -

		always result in a syndrome.
		neither increase nor decrease the amount of genetic material inthe cell.
		result from duplication of a portion of a chromosome.
		never disrupt gene regulation or cause physicalabnormalities.

  

QUESTION 40

Which of the following syndromes is caused by atranslocation?

	A.	Turner syndrome
	B.	Cri-du-chat syndrome
	C.	Down syndrome
	D.	Alagille syndrome

  

QUESTION 41

A tube placed through the female sex organ into the uterus toobtain a small sample of tissue is characteristic of______________________.

	A.	chorionic villus sampling (CVS)
	B.	embryonic stem cell analysis
	C.	amniocentesis
	D.	genetic counseling

  

QUESTION 42

The sperm and egg of alligators contain 16 chromosomes each. Afertilized egg that will develop into a baby alligator contains_________________.

	A.	16 chromosomes
	B.	32 total chromosomes
	C.	8 homologous chromosomes
	D.	64 chromosomes

  

QUESTION 43

A parent has a deletion on one homologue of a pair ofchromosomes. What is the probability of this individual's childcarrying the same deletion?

		0%
		25%
		50%
		75%

  

QUESTION 44

A karyotype shows chromosomes arranged by -

		banding patterns, size, and shape.
		shape, size, and complexity.
		length, structure, and color.
		color, width, and length.

  

QUESTION 45

What kinds of mutations can be revealed through ultrasound?

		Some chromosomal abnormalities, such as Down syndrome andEdwards syndrome, and a few other known inherited disorders
		The genetic profile, including any mutant gene alleles the fetusmay have.
		All chromosomal mutations, including deletions, duplications,inversions, and translocations.
		Only larger chromosomal mutations, such as the large deletionseen in individuals with cri du chat syndrome.

  

QUESTION 46

A person without a Y chromosome is always:

	A.	not able to be born (miscarried)
	B.	an abnormal male
	C.	a person with 45 ½ chromosomes
	D.	a female

  

QUESTION 47

A translocation chromosomal mutation is the exchange of segmentsbetween two homologous chromosomes.

True

False

  

QUESTION 48

A missing piece of chromosome 5 may result in a child whoseglottis and larynx do not develop properly resulting in an abnormalcry. This is called -

		inv dup 15 syndrome.
		Klinefelter syndrome.
		Huntington syndrome.
		Cri du chat syndrome.

  

QUESTION 49

Chromosome number 1 is the ____________________.

	A.	most important chromosome
	B.	most of mutated chromosome
	C.	longest chromosome
	D.	only chromosome that is not paired

  

QUESTION 50

Chorionic villus sampling carries less risk of causingmiscarriage than amniocentesis.

	A.	True
	B.	False