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Phi Delta Kappa PDK is an international professional organization for educators that in collaboration with Gallup has been conducting polls on the public s attitudes toward the public schools since 1969 The following was one of the questions on the most recent poll conducted June 4 13 2011 Most teachers in the nation now belong to unions or associations that bargain over salaries working conditions and the like Has unionization in your opinion helped hurt or made no difference in the quality of public school education in the United States The respondents answers broken down by party affiliation is shown below Republican Democrat Independent Helped Hurt 35 197 52 6 Made no difference Don t know refused Which of the following statements is correct 146 78 105 12 69 178 90 4 O A histogram or a box plot would be useful to investigate if distribution of opinion on teachers belonging to unions or bargaining associations varies by political party affiliation O The results of the survey suggest a relationship between opinion on teachers belonging to unions or bargaining associations and political party affiliation O 14 of Republicans and 58 of Democrats think that teachers belonging to unions or bargaining associations helped the quality of public school education in the United States O The results of the survey suggest that opinion on teachers belonging to unions or bargaining associations and political party affiliation are independent

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