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phenotype an organism s appear ink by the genotype determined E HT stated by the laws of segregation and independe of segregation the two alleles for the same trait gamete formation and end up in different gametes Separate durin laws of independent assortment genes for one frait are not inherited with genes of another trait a Remember during interphase the chromosomes are replicated to produce identical sister chromatids 5 To help with the concept of independent assortment let s look at an example of a plant that is heterozygous for two traits One trait B is for a blue flower color The second trait R is for round seeds The plant s genotype therefore is BbRr During meiosis we will see the law of independent assortment in action Let s take a look inside the plants cell B b R DNA replication B B b e R RT 1 b Next during meiosis specifically metaphase I the homologs will randomly line up at the metaphase plate The first chromosome orientation has been done you Chromosome orientation 1 Metaphase I Metaphase II B Bb b R Sister Chromatids Homologous Chromosomes B B R Ri BXB R R 1px V 100 bX X b r c There is another way the homologs can align at the metaphase plate Determine the second orientation and fill in the subsequent stages Chromosome orientation 2 Metaphase I Metaphase II DA A Box RB Rb r b r B d At the end of meiosis the BbRr plant produces four unique gametes

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