Part II: The Muscular System

1. List the three types of muscle in the human body.

a.  

b.  

c.  

2. Explain what distinguishes skeletal muscle from the other twotypes of muscles.

3. Describe the function of a tendon.

4. Define the following terms.

a. Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP):

b. Creatine phosphate (CP):

5. When we say “aerobic” what element is required?

6. During exercise, friction between muscle fibers generatesheat. What are two ways the body reduces this heat?

7. Explain what myoglobin is.

8. Define the following terms:

a. Muscle Hypertrophy

b. Muscle Atrophy

9. Contrast a muscle origin and a muscle insertion.

10. Complete the following table.

Muscle	Where One Would Find It
frontalis
rectus abdominis
trapezius
gluteus maximus
orbicularis oculi
deltoid
biceps brachii
pectoralis major

11. When you are lying on the floor and contract your rectusabdominus muscles, what exercise are you performing?

12. Describe what it means

a. When a muscle is called Biceps:

b. When a muscle is called Triceps:

c. When a muscle is called Quadriceps:

Part III: The Skeletal System

13. Describe an Osteocyte.

14. When speaking about long bones:

a. What is the diaphysis?

b. What is the epiphysis?

15. Contrast a compact (dense) bone and a Spongy (trabecullar)bone.  Describe where onewould find each type in theskeleton.

16. Name what is located in the hollow shaft of long bones.

17. Complete the following table.

List the Three Cell Types in Bone Tissue	List Each Cell Type’s Function
1. Â
2. Â
3. Â

18. What is the difference between Intramembranous ossificationand endochondral ossification?

19. First, explain what calcitriol is. Second, explain what itdoes.

20. Describe the relationship between PTH (parathyroid hormone)and Calcitonin.

21. Define the following terms:

a. Osteopenia?

b. Osteoporosis?

22. Complete the following sentence: The two main divisions ofthe Skeletal System are

  and   .

23. List the 8 Cranial Bones.

a.  

b.  

c.  

d.  

e.  

f.  

g.  

h.   

24. Complete the following table.

Term	Definition/Location
Maxilla
Mandible
Zygomatic bone
Lacrimal bones
Hyoid bone

25. List the number of vertebrae as specified in the Vertebralcolumn:

a. Total number of vertebrae:

b. Number of Cervical vertebrae:

c. Number of Thoracic vertebrae:

d. Number of Lumbar vertebrae:

26. What is the Sacrum? What is the Coccyx?

27. The     bones are called the Atlas andthe Axis.

28. The three main parts of the Thoracic Cage are  ,   ,

and   .

29. Part I: How many True ribs are there?

Part II: How many false ribs are there?

Part III: Why are false ribs referred to as “false?”

30. List the three parts of the Sternum.

a.  

b.  

c.  

31. Complete the table.

Item	Where it is Located?
Pectoral Girdle
Carpal bones
Metacarples
Pelvic Girdle

32. What are Phalanges?

33. Describe the coxal bones. Then explain what three bones arefused to make up the coxal bones.

34. List the two bones of the leg:

a.  

b.  

35. Complete the following sentences. Tarsals are  .

Meta Tarsals are   .

36. What is the calcaneus?

37. What does Diarthrosis mean?

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