MUSCLES OF THE LOWER LIMB

With the models available in lab, identify to the best of yourability the indicated structures. Focus on their origin andinsertion when examining the muscles to help you better identifytheir action.

Superficial Gluteal Muscles:

• Gluteus Maximus • Gluteus Medius

• Iliotibial Band/Tract • Fascia Lata

• Gluteus Minimus

1. Which muscles medially rotate the hip?

2. Which muscle is the main hip extensor?

3. How do Gluteus Medius & Minimus function in gait? Aweak right Gluteus Medius &

Minimus would result in what?

Deep Gluteal Muscles:

• Piriformis • Superior Gemellus

• Inferior Gemellus • Quadratus Femoris

  1. Which of these muscles is the most superior?Inferior?

  2. What is the main function of all thesemuscles?

  Anterior Hip Muscles:

• Iliacus • Psoas Major
1. These muscles are the agonist for which action of thehip?

• Obturator Internus

Anterior Thigh Muscles:

• Sartorius •

• Vastus Lateralis •

• Quadriceps Tendon •

Tensor Fascia Latae Vastus Intermedius Patellar Tendon

• Rectus Femoris

• Vastus Medialis

1. Which muscles are collectively known as QuadricepsFemoris?

2. What is the common insertion of the Quadricepsmuscles?

1. How would you stretch the Rectus Femoris muscle? Is thisdifferent from stretching the other quadriceps muscle?Why?

2. Palpate the patellar tendon and feel it insert onto thetibial tuberosity.

Medial Thigh Muscles:

• Gracilis • Adductor Magnus • Adductor Longus

• Adductor Brevis • Pectineus

  1. All but 1 of these muscles inserts on whichbone?

  2. Which of these muscles is deepest (i.e. most posteriorfrom an anterior view)?

  3. Which adductor muscle contributes to the boundaries ofthe femoral triangle?

  Posterior Thigh Muscles:

• Biceps Femoris • Semitendinosus • Semimembranosus

1. What are all the muscles that insert on the PesAnserinus?

2. Which Hamstring muscles insert on the medial vs. lateralside of the tibia?

3. Is Semimembranosus or Semitendinosus moresuperficial?

4. What is the common origin of the Hamstringmuscles?

5. A biarticulate muscle is one that crosses and acts on 2joints. List all the biarticulate

muscles of the thigh.

Anterior Leg Muscles:

• Tibialis Anterior • Extensor Digitorum Longus

1. Do all of these muscles dorsiflex theankle?

Lateral Leg Muscles:

• Fibularis Longus • Fibularis Brevis

• Extensor Hallucis Longus

1. Which of these muscles is more superficial relative tothe fibula?

2. Which muscle inserts on the lateral side of the foot?Medial side?

3. What are the 2 actions these muscles canperform?

Posterior Leg Muscles:

• Gastrocnemius

• Popliteus

• Flexor Hallucis Longus

• Plantaris
• Tibialis Posterior

• Soleus
• Flexor Digitorum Longus

1. Which muscles join together to form theAchilles/calcaneal tendon?

2. Which of these muscles only act on theknee?

3. What is the order of the tendons from anterior toposterior as they pass posterior to

   the medial malleolus?

4. What is the order of the muscle bellies of TibialisPosterior, FDL, & FHL from medial

to lateral in the posterior leg?

Foot Muscles:

• Extensor Digitorum Brevis

• Abductor Hallucis

• Quadratus Plantae

• Flexor Digiti Minimi

• Extensor Hallucis Brevis

• Flexor Digitorum Brevis

• Adductor Hallucis

• Dorsal Interossei

• Plantar Aponeurosis
• Abductor Digiti Minimi • Flexor Hallucis Brevis • PlantarInterossei

1. Which muscles are found in Layer 3 of the foot? Layer2?

2. What is unique about Quadratus Plantae?

PLEASE ANSWR ALL OF THE ABOVE. THANKS