Modern Physics question Please be thorough with yourexp...

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Modern Physics question  Please be thorough with yourexplanation  ...

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Particle accelerator is a machine that uses EM electromagnetic fields to accelerate charged particles to very high speeds Then these are used for various research purposes Working Particle accelerators use electric fields to increase the speed of the charged particles which then are focussed in a particular path by magnetic fields The whole arrangement is setup in vacuum to avoid any air molecules collisions Generally the particles which are accelerated are electrons protons But sometimes heavier particles like whole atom of gold and uranium are also used Electric fields are setup at a certain frequency which accelerate or speed up the charged particles repeatedly and magnetic field is used to focus their beam Location and Size There are around more than 30000 particle accelerators around the world These are of basically two types linear accelerators and circular accelerators Linear accelerators are generally used for fixed target experiments while circular accelerators are generally used for colliding beams but they are also used for fixed targets The large Hadron collider is the worlds largest particle accelerator at CERN It is based in northwest suburb of Geneva It consists of a 27 km ring of superconducting magnets with numerous accelerating apparatuss to boost the speed of the particles Thousands of magnets of different sizes are used to direct the beam Targets There is generally a fixed target such as phosphor coating on screen Target is fitted to the end of the accelerator Particles detected Over last 4050 years accelerators have produced photons the basic entity subatomic particle of any electromagnetic radiations These accelerators are the tools for the discovery for nuclear and particle ....

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