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Miller Toy Company manufactures a plastic swimming pool at its Westwood Plant. The plant has been experiencing problems as shown by its June contribution format income statement below:

	Flexible Budget	Actual
Sales (4,000 pools)	$ 239,000	$ 239,000
Variable expenses:
Variable cost of goods sold*	57,680	70,390
Variable selling expenses	16,000	16,000
Total variable expenses	73,680	86,390
Contribution margin	165,320	152,610
Fixed expenses:
Manufacturing overhead	72,000	72,000
Selling and administrative	82,000	82,000
Total fixed expenses	154,000	154,000
Net operating income (loss)	$ 11,320	$ (1,390)

*Contains direct materials, direct labor, and variable manufacturing overhead.

Janet Dunn, who has just been appointed general manager of the Westwood Plant, has been given instructions to get things under control. Upon reviewing the plants income statement, Ms. Dunn has concluded that the major problem lies in the variable cost of goods sold. She has been provided with the following standard cost per swimming pool:

	Standard Quantity or Hours	Standard Price or Rate	Standard Cost
Direct materials	3.2	pounds	$ 2.70	per pound	$ 8.64
Direct labor	0.6	hours	$ 7.30	per hour	4.38
Variable manufacturing overhead	0.5	hours*	$ 2.80	per hour	1.40
Total standard cost per unit					$ 14.42

*Based on machine-hours.

During June, the plant produced 4,000 pools and incurred the following costs:

1. Purchased 17,800 pounds of materials at a cost of $3.15 per pound.

Used 12,600 pounds of materials in production. (Finished goods and work in process inventories are insignificant and can be ignored.)

Worked 3,000 direct labor-hours at a cost of $7.00 per hour.

Incurred variable manufacturing overhead cost totaling $7,360 for the month. A total of 2,300 machine-hours was recorded.

It is the companys policy to close all variances to cost of goods sold on a monthly basis.

Required:

1. Compute the following variances for June:

a. Materials price and quantity variances.

b. Labor rate and efficiency variances.

c. Variable overhead rate and efficiency variances.

2. Summarize the variances that you computed in requirement 1 by showing the net overall favorable or unfavorable variance for the month.

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