In DNA polymerases, the 3’ hydroxyl end attacks the phosphoruson the incoming nucleotide triphosphate to add another nucleotideto the growing chain. a) These enzymes requireMg2+. What function might this cofactor serve in theenzymatic process?   b) How doesthe mechanism explain the inability of the polymerase to synthesizeDNA using nucleotide monophosphates? c) How doesthe mechanism explain how some DNA polymerases can replace RNAprimers and damaged DNA (“nick translation,â€) but not seal thebackbone (“ligationâ€)?
