I need to know theprocedures of the experimentbelow :
Separation of a Three-Component Mixture by Extraction​
benzoic acid    ethyl4-hydroxybenzoate diphenyl sulfone
A 1.5-gram sample of a 1:1:1 (by weight) mixture of benzoicacid, ethyl 4-hydroxybenzoate and diphenyl sulfone was added to a125 mL separatory funnel. Isopropyl acetate (20 mL) was added tothe separatory funnel and the mixture swirled until all solids haddissolved. The solution was sequentially extracted with saturatedaqueous NaHCO3 solution (4 X 5 mL), then with water (1 X 5 mL);with the aqueous extracts from each extraction being added to a 50mL beaker (beaker 1). [The separatory funnel should be shaken forat least 1 minute during each of the four NaHCO3 extractions.Venting of the funnel should be done every 20-25 seconds duringeach extraction. When draining off the aqueous layer in these andall subsequent extractions leave a two mm tall layer of aqueoussolution in the separatory funnel. This greatly reduces the amountof organic layer that contaminates the aqueous extracts.] Next theorganic layer was extracted sequentially with 5% aqueous NaOHsolution (3 X 5 mL) then with water (1 X 5 mL). Each aqueousextract was collected in a 50 mL beaker (beaker 2). [The separatoryfunnel should be shaken for at least 1.0 minute during each NaOHextraction..] The remaining organic layer is extracted withsaturated aqueous NaCl solution (5 mL) and the aqueous layer isdiscarded [Do not leave any water in the funnel after thisextraction]. The organic layer is transferred to a 50 mL erlenmeyerflask (flask 3). The separatory funnel is washed with isopropylacetate (2 X 2 mL) with each washing being added to flask 3. Theorganic solution in flask 3 is dried (Na2SO4) then decanted into atared 50 mL Erlenmeyer flask (flask 4). The drying agent is washedwith isopropyl acetate (2 X 1 mL) with each rinse being added toflask 4. The solvent in flask 4 is evaporated to give crudediphenyl sulfone as a white solid: .416 g, 83.2%, M. pt.=121-127oC.[Evaporate the solvent using a hot plate sat on a moderate (4)setting. You must be very careful not to overheat the product whenall the solvent has boiled away. The only way to actually know whenall of the solvent has been removed is to weight the flask at thepoint of “ presumed drynessâ€, then reheat for a few seconds andre-weigh the flask. If the weight does not change, the product issolvent free. An alternative, and probably better, procedure is toevaporate the isopropyl acetate until only 3-5 mL of solutionremains, cool, add hexane (10 mL), chill in an ice bath thenfilter. Both procedures work well. If insufficient time remains toisolate this material on day 1, then store the dried isopropylacetate solution in your drawer until the next lab period. Thesolvent will have evaporated by then. Optional: tlc (alumina,
70/30 hexane/ethyl acetate) showed a single spot, Rf = .58. Thecrude product is recrystallized from toluene to give the crudeproduct; M. pt.= 125-127ï‚° C.]
The aqueous solution in beaker 1 was acidified (acid to litmuspaper) by the addition of 6 M HCl solution to give a whiteprecipitate. [Caution! Foaming will occur due to liberation of CO2]After cooling the resulting mixture in an ice bath for 10 minutes,the solid was isolated by vacuum filtration, washed with ice water(3 X 1ml), and air dried to give crude benzoic acid as a whitesolid: .358 g, 71.6%, M. pt.= 115-120oC. [OPTIONAL: tlc (alumina,70/30 hexane/ethyl acetate) showed a single spot (Rf = .03). Thismaterial was recrystallized from water to give pure benzoic acid;M. pt. = 118- 120ï‚°C.]
The aqueous solution in beaker 2 was acidified (acid to litmuspaper) by the addition of 6 M HCl to give a white precipitate. Theresulting aqueous mixture was cooled in an ice bath for 10 minutes.The resulting white solid was isolated by vacuum filtration, washedwith ice water (3 X 1 mL), and air dried to give the crude ethyl4-hydroxybenzoae: .353 g, 70.6%, M.pt.= 113-117oC. [Optional: tlc(alumina, 70/30 hexane/ethyl acetate) showed a single spot (Rf =.42). The crude material was recrystallized from 1/1 toluene/hexaneto give the pure ethyl 4-hydroxybenzoate as a white solid; M. pt.=115- 117ï‚°C.]
