How does the axon of a neuron establish resting potential? Explain the roles of the three...

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Medical Sciences

How does the axon of a neuron establish resting potential?Explain the roles of the three proteins. Where are ions?

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neurons have a resting membrane potential or simply resting potential of about 30 to 90MV Cell membranes are typically permeable to only a subset of ions These usually include potassium ions chloride ions bicarbonate ions and others To simplify the description of the ionic basis of the resting membrane potential it is most useful to consider only one ionic species at first and consider the others later Since transplasmamembrane potentials are almost always determined primarily by potassium permeability that is where to start The resting membrane potential is determined by the uneven distribution of ions charged particles between the inside and the outside of the cell and by the different permeability of the membrane to different types of ions Types of ions found in neurons In neurons and their surrounding fluid the most abundant ions are Positively charged cations Sodium Na and potassium K Negatively charged anions Chloride Cl and organic anions In most neurons K and organic anions such as those found in proteins and amino acids are present at higher concentrations inside the cell than outside In contrast Na and Clare usually present at higher concentrations outside the cell This means there are stable concentration gradients across the membrane for all of the most abundant ion types This diagram represents the relative concentrations of various ion types inside and outside of a neuron K is more concentrated inside than outside the cell Organic anions are more concentrated inside than outside the cell Cl is more concentrated outside than inside the cell Na is more concentrated outside than inside the cell How ions cross the membrane Because they are charged ions cant pass directly through the hydrophobic waterfearing lipid regions of the membrane Instead See Answer

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