Logo
Home Study Material Contact Search
AI Chat FREE
  1. sciences
  2. medical sciences
  3. how and by what mechanism is glomerular filtration

How and by what mechanism is glomerular filtration rate (GFR) affected by obstruction of the ureteropelvic junction...

90.2K

Verified Solution

Question

Medical Sciences

How and by what mechanism is glomerular filtration rate (GFR)affected by

obstruction of the ureteropelvic junction by a stone?

stimulation of the splanchnic nerve?

a marathon run?

severing the post-glanglionic sympathetic fibers to thekidney

Answer & Explanation Solved by verified expert
3.9 Ratings (652 Votes)
Ureteropelvic junction UPJ obstructionstone is a blockage in the renal pelvis of the kidney The renal pelvis is located at the upper end of each ureter tube that drains urine from the kidneys to the bladder The renal pelvis which is shaped like a funnel collects urineIn UPJ obstruction the flow of urine is slowed or stopped completely GFR will decreasedThis raises the risk of kidney damage In most cases of UPJ obstruction only one of the kidneys is affected Machanismureteropelvic obstruction there is a progressive fall in glomerular filtration rate GFR due to a reduction in single nephron glomerular filtration rate SNGFR and a reduced number of filtering nephrons Renal plasma flow also declines after a transient prostaglandindependent increase due to afferent and efferent arteriolar vasoconstriction The vasoactive hormones thromboxane A2 and angiotensin II are implicated in the pathogenesis of the vasoconstriction following ureteral obstruction and they also reduce the glomerular ultrafiltration coefficient by causing mesangial contraction Ureteropelvic obstructiona also leads to profound changes in renal tubular cell function These include altered sodium and water handling resulting in a postobstructive diuresis and natriuresis and a failure to dilute or concentrate the urine Potassium and divalent cation exchange is also affected as is urinary acidification Furthermore the response of the tubule to hormones such as antidiuretic hormone and parathyroid hormone is impaired The    See Answer
Get Answers to Unlimited Questions

Join us to gain access to millions of questions and expert answers. Enjoy exclusive benefits tailored just for you!

Membership Benefits:
  • Unlimited Question Access with detailed Answers
  • Zin AI - 3 Million Words
  • 10 Dall-E 3 Images
  • 20 Plot Generations
  • Conversation with Dialogue Memory
  • No Ads, Ever!
  • Access to Our Best AI Platform: Zin AI - Your personal assistant for all your inquiries!
Become a Member

Other questions asked by students

Q

Follow the steps bellow to construct a general solution to the equation: y'' + y = 3sect...

Basic Math
Q

Suppose the amount of time to finish assembling a component is exponentially distributed with an average...

Basic Math
Q

The A&M Hobby Shop carries a line of radio-controlled model racing cars. Demand for the cars...

General Management
Q

R R C C 3 2 points Consider the circuit shown in Figure le The...

Physics
Q

In the Ohio lottery Classic Lotto game 6 numbers are drawn at random from 49...

Basic Math
Q

Find the area under the normal distribution curve with ? = 20and o 4. (Keep...

Basic Math
Q

This scatterplot shows the number of hours a student slept every night and his or...

Statistics
Q

Evaluate the integrel by interpreting in terms of overs 3 4 x dx 877 20

Calculus
Q

Your firm has beerrengased to examine the financial statements of Pina Corporation for the year...

Accounting
Q

I need help urrent Attempt in Progress Which of the following occur from...

Accounting
Q

Short Paragraph Response: Do you agree with the claim, "The goal of financial management ought...

Finance
Q

Option One: Analyze one product in terms of how it may use both push and...

Accounting