Homework 5: Sigmund Freud

    Freud’s general theory ofpersonality is called ___________________ theory. While workingwith patients experiencing conversion disorders, Freud becameconvinced that all such cases were caused by unexpressed sexualmotives.

    Freud viewed the mind as beingcomposed of the three parts. The ___________________ functionsentirely at the unconscious level and operates according to the___________________ principle, which attempts to satisfy its needsby using wish-fulfilling mental images. A second part of the mindis called the ___________________, which can be thought of as theexecutive of personality and helps us to deal with the worldthrough the reality principle. The only part of the mind containinga sense of morality is the ___________________, which is createdmainly by parents. Parental punishment creates the moralinhibitions called conscience, whereas parental rewards establish astandard of conduct called the ego ideal.

    Freud believed that ourpersonalities are formed as we pass through a series ofdevelopmental stages from infancy to adulthood. Stressful eventsexperienced during a stage can leave the personality___________________ at that stage. According to Freud, thedevelopmental stages result from a shifting energy from one___________________ zone to another. Since these stages representthe release of sexual energy, they are called ___________________stages. The first stage, lasting from birth to one year of age, iscalled the ___________________ stage. If a person becomes fixatedin the oral stage, he or she may engage in overeating anddrinking.

    The second stage of development,from one to three years, is called the ___________________ stage.Fixations at this stage may lead to a personality that is eitherstingy and compulsive, called ______________________________________, or cruel and disorderly, called___________________ ___________________.

    From ages three to six, childrenare in the ___________________ stage, in which the genitals becomethe primary source of pleasure. During this stage, boys develop asexual attraction to their mothers, referred to as the___________________ ___________________. Boys also develop a fearof their fathers, called ___________________ ___________________.Girls develop desires for their fathers called the___________________ ___________________. According to Freud,failure to resolve the phallic stage results in a phallicpersonality, characterized by egocentric selfishness,impulsiveness, and a lack of genuine feeling for others.

    From ages 6 to 11, children enterthe ___________________ stage, during which sexual interest isrelatively inactive. From age 11 through adulthood, the individualis in the ___________________ stage, in which sexual and romanticinterests are directed towards one’s peers. Most modern revisionsof psychoanalysis agree that Freud overemphasized___________________  motivation, underemphasized positiveaspects of personality and the importance of relationships, and wasprejudiced against women.

Word Bank

Id

Phallic

Oedipus Complex

Erogenous

Anal Retentive

Psychoanalytic

Anal Expulsive

Sexual

Psychosexual

Genital

Latency

Oral

Electra Complex

Superego

Unconscious

Ego

Fixated

Defense mechanisms

Castration anxiety

Penis envy

Sublimination

Anal

Pleasure

Repression