Hemoglobin (g/100mL) was measured twice in 20 pregnant women. Afirst measurement was taken at 1-3 weeks prepartum whereas thesecond measurement was taken at 2-6 days postpartum (the data isprovided below).

Part A. What is the absolute value of thet-test statistic for testing whether there is any changein mean hemoglobin levels between prepartum and postpartumwomen?

Part B. What is the degrees of freedom for thisparticular test in Part A?

a. 20

b. 38

c. 19

d. 25.6

Part C. What would you conclude from thecorresponding t-test?

a. Mean hemoglobin decreases from prepartum to postpartum stagesin women (P=0.02)

b. Mean hemoglobin decreases from prepartum to postpartum stagesin women (P=0.04)

c. There is no evidence of a mean difference between prepartumand postpartum stages (P>0.05)

Part D. Suppose a hospital will not pursue anyintervention measures if they believe that the true change inhemoglobin levels between prepartum and postpartum stages fallswithin +/- 2g/100mL; in other words, they feel the two stages areeffectively equivalent for mean hemoglobin levels if the true meandifference falls within +/- 2g/100mL. Does this dataset provideproof of equivalence using a = 0.05?  

a. Yes based on a confidence interval of [0.18,186]

b. Yes based on a confidence interval of [0.20,1.84]

c. No based on a confidence interval of [0.32,1.72]

d. No based on a confidence interval of [0.03,2.01]

e. Yes based on a confidence interval of [0.32,1.72]

Data:

	woman	hemopre	hemopost
	1	13.63	12.53
2	2	15.17	12.77
3	3	13.1	13.8
4	4	13.82	12.22
5	5	12.31	11.51
6	6	13.09	13.49
7	7	12.62	9.82
8	8	11.29	7.49
9	9	13.45	8.85
10	10	12.8	15.2
11	11	13.15	10.05
12	12	13.74	14.04
13	13	12.48	13.38
14	14	13.23	13.13
15	15	12.85	11.45
16	16	13.31	12.71
17	17	13.31	11.21
18	18	14.96	13.96
19	19	13.21	14.81
20	20	13.35	12.05