During neuronal pathfinding, the growth cone of the neuron chemotaxes to the target cell in the...

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Biology

During neuronal pathfinding, the growth cone of the neuronchemotaxes to the target cell in the brain it needs to reach. Atthat point, the growth cone touches the target cell and responds toit by creating an adhesions junction. What type of signalingactivates chemotaxis? What type of signaling activates formation ofthe adhesions junction. Suggest a biochemical pathway that wouldactivate and form the adhesions junction.

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cAMP receptors and heterotrimericGproteinsThe first step in chemotaxis involves recognition of cAMP by itsseven transmembrane domaincontaining receptors Four such cAMPreceptors cAR14 have been identified in DictyosteliumcAR1 exhibits high affinity for cAMP binding and is expressedduring early development to mediate chemotactic aggregation ofsingle amoeba This function of cAR1 overlaps partially with thatof cAR3 which also shows high affinity binding to cAMP cAR2 andcAR4 are important for later developmental events such as moundformation and culmination cAR1 is coupled to heterotrimericGproteins which consist of alpha beta and gamma subunits andactivates them upon association with cAMP Gprotein activationleads to local actin polymerization at the leading edge and drivespseudopod extension How cAR1 activates heterotrimeric Gproteinsremains to be determined however several models have beenproposed For example one model hypothesizes See Answer

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