Dry ice is solid carbon dioxide. Instead of melting, solidcarbon dioxide sublimes according to the following equation:CO2(s)→CO2(g). When dry ice is added to warmwater, heat from the water causes the dry ice to sublime morequickly. The evaporating carbon dioxide produces a dense fog oftenused to create special effects. In a simple dry ice fog machine,dry ice is added to warm water in a Styrofoam cooler. The dry iceproduces fog until it evaporates away, or until the water gets toocold to sublime the dry ice quickly enough. Suppose that a smallStyrofoam cooler holds 15.0 liters of water heated to 83 ∘C.
Use standard enthalpies of formation to calculate thechange in enthalpy for dry ice sublimation. (The ΔH∘f forCO2(s) is - 427.4kJ/mol). Express your answer using threesignificant figures.
Calculate the mass of dry ice that should be added tothe water so that the dry ice completely sublimes away when thewater reaches 11 ∘C. Assume no heat loss to thesurroundings. Express your answer using twosignificant figures.
