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Doppler spectral line broadening is caused by the fact that the velocity of atoms or molecules...

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Physics

Doppler spectral line broadening is caused by the fact that thevelocity of atoms or molecules relative to the observer follows aMaxwell distribution. The effect is dependent on temperature. Henceit serves as a thermometer to determine the temperature of hotgases, such as in distant stars as well as the relative motion ofthe light source (away or approaching) the Earth observer.Derive the distribution of the intensity of spectral lineand show how the line width is related to thetemperature.

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