Discuss the structure and function of the juxtaglomerular apparatus. What factors determine GFR? Why is it...

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Medical Sciences

Discuss the structure and function of the juxtaglomerularapparatus. What factors determine GFR? Why is it so important tokeep GFR stable? Explain in terms of nephron function. Brieflydescribe the autoregulatory mechanisms used in the kidney tomaintain GFR on an ongoing basis.

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Juxtamedullary apparatus maintains the filtration rate in the kidneys It is also involved in blood pressure regulation as well It mainly contains thick ascending limb macula densa the afferent arteriole that bring blood to the kidneys This apparatus is located near the glomerulus at the vascular pole The Macula densa is an epithelial layer that senses the sodium levels in the kidney filtrate that enters the tubule When there are high concentration of sodium detected the macula densa well cause efferent arteriole smooth muscle contraction in order to reduce blood flow to the glomerulus This will reduce the glomerular filtration rate GFR The juxtamedullary cells present in the glomerulus also secrete renin to increase blood pressure The juxtamedullary cells also have the lacis cells extraglomerular mesangial cells that are long elongated cells The lacis cells are located near the macula densa and have a presently unknown function Glomerular filtration rate is the rate at which the See Answer

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