Discuss data collection methods used in the world around us. Tell us what method (random sample...

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Discuss data collection methods used in the world around us. Tellus what method (random sample , convenience , stratified,cluster)isused.Discuss the motivation of the organization collecting the datafor utlzing the method . Any positives or negatives to such atechnique .

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Data Collection Techniques are the sampling methods used for a survey depends on several factors including Budgetary constraints and available resources Information to be gathered from the survey Information known prior to running the survey Sampling method refers to the way that observations are selected from a population to be in the sample for a sample survey The reason for conducting a sample survey is to estimate the value of some attribute of a population Population parameter A population parameter is the true value of a population attribute Sample statistic A sample statistic is an estimate based on sample data of a population parameter Consider this example A public opinion pollster wants to know the percentage of voters that favor a flatrate income tax The actual percentage of all the voters is a population parameter The estimate of that percentage based on sample data is a sample statistic The quality of a sample statistic ie accuracy precision representativeness is strongly affected by the way that sample observations are chosen that is by the sampling method As a group sampling methods fall into one of two categories 1 Probability samples With probability sampling methods each population element has a known nonzero chance of being chosen for the sample The main types of probability sampling methods are simple random sampling stratified sampling cluster sampling multistage sampling and systematic random sampling The key benefit of probability sampling methods is that they guarantee that the sample chosen is representative of the population This ensures that the statistical conclusions will be valid Simple random sampling Simple random sampling refers to any sampling method that has the following properties The population consists of N objects The sample consists of n objects If all possible samples of n objects are equally likely to occur the sampling method is called simple random sampling There are many ways to obtain a simple random sample One way would be the lottery method Each of the N population members is assigned a unique number The numbers are placed in a bowl and thoroughly mixed Then a blindfolded researcher selects n numbers Population members having the selected numbers are included in the sample Pros of Simple Random Sampling One of the best things about simple random sampling is the ease of assembling the sample It is also considered as a fair way of selecting a sample from a given population since every member is given equal opportunities of being selected Another key feature of simple random sampling is its representativeness of the population Theoretically the only thing that can compromise its representativeness is luck If the sample is not representative of the population the random variation is called sampling error An unbiased random selection and a representative sample are important is drawing conclusions from the results of a study Remember that one of the goals of research is to be able to make conclusions pertaining to the population from the results obtained from a sample Due to the representativeness of a sample obtained by simple random sampling it is reasonable to make generalizations from the results of the sample back to the population Cons of Simple Random Sampling One of the most obvious limitations of simple random sampling method is its need of a complete list of all the members of the population Please keep in mind that the list of the population must be complete and uptodate This list is usually not available for large See Answer

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