Discuss and explain the operational techniques required for the execution of civil works construction works?

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Civil Engineering

Discuss and explain the operational techniques required for theexecution of civil works construction works?

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Operational techniques required for the execution ofcivil worksConstruction planning is fundamental in the management andexecution of construction projects it involves many thingslikeChoice of technologykind of work tasksEstimation of the required resourcesDurations for individual tasksIdentification of any interactions among the various worktasksA good construction works based on proper planning and budgetmanagement Developing the development plan may be a critical taskwithin the management of construction albeit the plan isntwritten or otherwise formally recorded In addition to thosetechnical aspects of construction planning its going to even benecessary to form organizational decisions about the relationshipsbetween project participants and even which organizations toinclude in a project For example the extent to whichsubcontractors are going to be used on a project is usuallydetermined during construction planningConstruction planning is mainly based on 2 aspectsCost orientedIn this construction planning is costor expense oriented Within this category a distinction is madebetween costs incurred directly in the performance of an activityand indirectly for the accomplishment of the projectFor example borrowing expenses forproject financing and overhead items are commonly treated asindirect costs where buying materials and labour cost areconsidered as direct cost2 Schedule orientedScheduling of work activities withrespect to time is critical and is emphasized in the planningprocess In this case the planner ensures that the properprecedences among activities are maintained and that efficientscheduling of the available resources prevailsthere are two ways in schedulingprogramcritical path scheduling procedures By the maintenance of task precedencesjob shop scheduling procedures Efficient use of resources over timeFinally most complex projects require consideration of bothcost and scheduling over time so that planning monitoring andrecord keeping must consider both dimensions In these cases theintegration of schedule and budget information is a majorconcernChoice of Technology and ConstructionMethodThe Choices of appropriate technology and methods forconstruction are often illstructured yet critical ingredients inthe success of the project For example a decision whether to pumpor to transport concrete in buckets will directly affect the costand duration of tasks involved in building construction A decisionbetween these two alternatives should consider the relative costsreliabilities and availability of equipment for the two transportmethods Unfortunately the exact implications of different methodsdepend upon numerous considerations for which information may besketchy during the planning phase such as the experience andexpertise of workers or the particular underground condition at asiteReallife examples A roadwayrehabilitation An example from a roadway rehabilitationproject in Pittsburgh PA can serve to illustrate the importance ofgood construction planning and the effect of technology choice Inthis project the decks on overpass bridges as well as the pavementon the highway itself were to be replaced The initial constructionplan was to work outward from each end of the overpass bridgeswhile the highway surface was replaced below the bridges As aresult access of equipment and concrete trucks to the overpassbridges was a considerable problem However the highway work couldbe staged so See Answer

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