Describe the three important mechanisms for returning blood back to the heart during exercise. - respiratory pump -...

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Medical Sciences

Describe the three important mechanisms for returningblood back to the heart during exercise.
- respiratory pump
- muscle pump
- valves in the veins

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RESPIRATORY PUMP Respiratory activity influences venous return to the heart Briefly increasing the rate and depth of respiration promotes venous return and therefore enhances cardiac output Respiratory activity affects venous return through changes in right atrial pressure which is an important component of the pressure gradient for venous return Increasing right atrial pressure impedes venous return while lowering this pressure facilitates venous return Respiratory activity can also affect the diameter of the thoracic vena cava and cardiac chambers which either directly eg vena cava compression or indirectly by changing cardiac preload affect venous return Pressures in the right atrium and thoracic vena cava are very dependent on intrapleural pressure See Answer

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