DELIVERY 1. What were some of the difficulties with administering inhalational insulin? 2. Why canâ€™t orally administered insulin...

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Medical Sciences

DELIVERY
1. What were some of the difficulties with administeringinhalational insulin?
2. Why canâ€™t orally administered insulin be effectively used totreat diabetes (think about what type of molecule
insulin is)?
RELEASE
3. When glucose levels are low, insulin is NOT releases by thebeta cells in the pancreas. Which channels are
open and close during this time?
4. When glucose enters the beta cells of the pancreas is thatsimple or facilitated diffusion? Explain how glucose
entering beta cells leads to insulin release into thebloodstream?
5. Is insulin made fresh every time you want to secrete it or isit stored and ready for release at all times?
ACTION
6. Why canâ€™t insulin receptors be inside their target cell?
7. Once insulin is in the bloodstream, explain how itfacilitates the entry of glucose into adipose tissues/cells.Why
does glucose enter and not exit the cell?
8. How does insulin increase the entry of glucose into hepatic(liver) cells during the fed state? What is meant by a
signal cascade?
9. In the fasted state, there is low insulin. Why does glucoseleave liver cells instead of entering the cell?

Answer & Explanation Solved by verified expert

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Answer 1 After the discovery of Afrezza it was a boon for patients with diabetes having trouble with subcutaneous injections everyday But some of the difficulties faced with inhaled insulin were 1 It does not have required efficacy in people having a lung disease like COPD or asthma or those who smoke as it lead to decreased absorption of insulin in them 2 It is not effective for people with Diabetes type 1 who require a long term and direct supply of insulin as Inhalational route takes more time than subcutaneous route 3 It can not be used in Diabetic Emergencies like Diabetic Ketoacidosis 4 Other side effects include Low blood sugar Cough sore throat fatigue nausea etc Answer 2 Orally administered insulin in its insulin form can not be used to treat diabetes because 1 Digestive juices in stomach and intestine will break down the insulin peptide bonds and it will never get the chance on get in your See Answer

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