Define personality. Describe the four basic theoreticalperspectives in personality, including the psychoanalytic,humanistic, social cognitive, and trait theories.
Describe the id, ego, and superego, and the interaction of thesethree components of the self, according to Freud. How do thesecomponents relate to the distinction between the conscious andunconscious mind (e.g., which are conscious and which areunconscious)? Discuss Freud’s view of the mind as an iceberg todescribe these relationships.
Discuss Freud’s notion of the ego defense mechanisms. Provide aneveryday example of each of the major ego defense mechanisms:repression, displacement, sublimation, rationalization, projection,reaction formation, denial undoing, and regression. (see Table10.1)
Name, define, and describe the psychosexual stages ofdevelopment, focusing on the core conflict of each stage. Explainthe cause and consequence of fixation.
Compare (i.e., how are they similar) and contrast (i.e., how arethey different) the views of the neo-Freudians with Freud’soriginal theory.
Identify criticisms of Freud’s theory and, more generally, ofthe psychoanalytic perspective.
10b: The Humanistic Perspective on Personality;Social Cognitive Perspective on Psychology
Describe the humanistic (or “third forceâ€) perspective andcontrast it with psychoanalytic theory and behaviorism.
Discuss the key components of Carl Rogers’ humanisticpersonality theory, including the importance of the actualizingtendency, the self-concept, conditional and unconditional positiveregard, and the fully functioning person.
Identify the key strengths and weaknesses of the humanisticperspective.
Discuss the key components of Albert Bandura’s social cognitivetheory of personality, noting the role of self-efficacy beliefs inthe development of a person’s self system.
Identify the key strengths and weaknesses of the socialcognitive perspective.
10c: Trait Perspective on Personality; AssessingPersonality
Describe how trait theories differ from the other perspectiveson personality.
List and describe the Big Five personality factors (i.e.,Five-Factor model of personality), giving examples of the types ofcharacteristics involved in each trait.
Identify criticisms of the trait perspective.
Distinguish between typologies (e.g., Myers-Briggs TypeIndicator) and dimensional trait theories of personality (e.g., BigFive). What are the criticisms of the Myers-Briggs?
