Chapter 3 discusses social behavior, and some of the variablesthat allow humans to be “ultrasocial” (existing in vary largecooperative societies). Philosophically, think about this chapterin terms of the Social Contract, and what seems to be necessary inorder to maintain the Social Contract (and we’ll discuss that morefully in class).

The main idea that Haidt puts forth in this context is thatreciprocity is key to upholding the Social Contract, and livingsocially.

So after reading Chapter 3 (“Reciprocity with a Vengeance”)reflect on the following:

1. Haidt argues that two variables that uphold reciprocity aregratitude and vengeance. In your own words, how would you summarizethe main argument of what Haidt is saying with respect to howgratitude and vengeance function in a cooperative society (and makespecific reference to the chapter when answering)?

2. Do you find yourself agreeing or disagreeing with this? Explainwhy.

3. Another variable that Haidt argues is essential to a largecooperative society is gossip. After reading that section ongossip, watch the following TedTalk by Elaine Lui. Although Luifocuses on celebrity gossip, what larger point(s) is she makingthat coincide with what Haidt is saying?

4. Do you find yourself agreeing or disagreeing with Haidt andLui regarding the significant role that gossip plays in society?Explain why.