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Castle, Inc., has no debt outstanding and a total market valueof $200,000. Earnings before interest and taxes, EBIT, areprojected to be $30,000 if economic conditions are normal. If thereis strong expansion in the economy, then EBIT will be 18 percenthigher. If there is a recession, then EBIT will be 20 percentlower. The firm is considering a debt issue of $75,000 with aninterest rate of 8 percent. The proceeds will be used to repurchaseshares of stock. There are currently 8,000 shares outstanding.Ignore taxes for questions a and b. Assume the stock price remainsconstant.a-1. Calculate return on equity (ROE) under eachof the three economic scenarios before any debt is issued.(Do not round intermediate calculations. Enter your answersas a percent rounded to 2 decimal places, e.g., 32.16.) ROERecession%Normal%Expansion%a-2. Calculate the percentage changes in ROE when theeconomy expands or enters a recession. (A negative answershould be indicated by a minus sign. Do not round intermediatecalculations. Enter your answers as a percent rounded to thenearest whole number, e.g., 32.) % change in ROERecession%Expansion%Assume the firm goes through with the proposedrecapitalization.b-1. Calculate the return on equity (ROE) under each ofthe three economic scenarios. (Do notround intermediate calculations. Enter your answers as a percentrounded to 2 decimal places, e.g., 32.16.) ROERecession%Normal%Expansion%b-2. Calculate the percentage changes in ROE when theeconomy expands or enters a recession. (A negative answershould be indicated by a minus sign. Do not round intermediatecalculations. Enter your answers as a percent rounded to 2 decimalplaces, e.g., 32.16.) % change in ROERecession%Expansion%Assume the firm has a tax rate of 35 percent.c-1. Calculate return on equity (ROE) under eachof the three economic scenarios before any debt is issued.(Do not round intermediate calculations. Enter your answersas a percent rounded to 2 decimal places, e.g.,32.16.) ROERecession%Normal%Expansion%c-2. Calculate the percentage changes in ROE whenthe economy expands or enters a recession. (A negativeanswer should be indicated by a minus sign. Do not roundintermediate calculations. Enter your answers as a percent roundedto the nearest whole number, e.g., 32.)% change in ROERecession%Expansion%c-3. Calculate the return on equity (ROE) under each ofthe three economic scenarios assuming the firm goes through withthe recapitalization. (Do not round intermediatecalculations. Enter your answers as a percent rounded to 2 decimalplaces, e.g., 32.16.)ROERecession%Normal%Expansion%c-4. Given the recapitalization, calculate the percentagechanges in ROE when the economy expands or enters a recession.(A negative answer should be indicated by a minus sign. Donot round intermediate calculations. Enter your answers as apercent rounded to 2 decimal places, e.g., 32.16.)% change in ROERecession%Expansion%
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